Realization of phenomenological life-world in the presence of subject and its intersubjective relation

Abstract

Transcendental consciousness is the principle of principles based on which philosophization of great philosophers such as Descartes and Husserl has been founded. With an inquiry into the intentional structure of this transcendental consciousness, Husserl accepts it just like the fundamental principle of philosophization and calls himself another New Cartesian. Descartes’ first principle is the thinking ego which, according to Husserl, has noemata in its thought. It should be noted that the fundamental element of his philosophization, i.e. "transcendental ego", is the same thing in an intersubjective relation to which all matters, including life-world and everything therein, are constituted. It is the same thing that happens with deep mining of the thoughts in the mind of the thinking ego and lived experience of consciousness fluid life. From the joining of monad-like egos, the first form of objectivity, i.e. intersubjective nature, arises. Here, my perception of the other and world and even other ego’s perception of me and my world are seen in the same way by identical necessity; that is, everyone in his own position considers another ego in its own position to be similar to himself. This means that their life-world is easily exchanged with each other. Ego as the transcendental and concrete ego experiences and knows other egos inside itself with certainty and hence, my life-world will be identical with his. Overall, Husserl was influenced by Descartes in presenting his own philosophical views. So, this paper aims to investigate and analyze Cartesian meditations in his philosophical approaches. The research method is descriptive-analytical.