China as a factor in the evolution of “China-U.S.-(Soviet Union) Russian Strategic Triangle”
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2020.26.02.37Palavras-chave:
China’s Diplomacy; Domestic politics and Diplomacy; Russia; Strategic Triangle; Trilateral Relations; The United StatesResumo
The study objectives of this research work is to survey the China’s diplomacy in the evolution of trilateral relations between China, the U.S. and Russia (the Soviet Union). The research methodology is based on a complex combination of scientific methods in a chronological order, mainly analytical, empirical, systematic, comparative, situational, narrative, and descriptive. The scientific novelty of this article is to provide the general observation of the key period of the historical evolution process of the existing strategic triangle in a large-scale timeline, meanwhile reveal the significant connection between domestic politics of single factor and trilateral relations within this triangle. The obtained conclusions can be applied in managing more stable and positive trilateral relations in complexity of international relations and comtemporary global politics, by defining the features of the modern strategic triangle and each countries’ role inside, indicating rising China’s new role and foreign policy direction in a new era.
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Referências
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Kremeniuk V.A. (2012). “The Deeper Into the Forest...”: Relations in the Triangle USA-CHINA-RUSSIA are increasingly getting uneven. Comparative Politics Russia. 3(4(10)), pp. 36-46. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18611/2221-3279-2012-3-4(10)-36-46
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Milner, H. (1998). Rationalizing Politics: The Emerging Synthesis of international, American and Comparative Politics. International Organization, 52(4), pp. 759-786.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/002081898550743
Putnam, R. D. (1988). “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games,” International Organization. 42(3). pp. 427-460. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-818328 198822)42:32.O.CO;2-K
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Rosenau, J. N. (1973). “Theorizing across systems: linkage politics revisited,” pp. 25-56 in J. Wilkenfeld (ed.) Conflict Behavior and Linkage Politics. New York: David McKay.
Rozman, G. (2014). The Sino-Russian Challenge to the World Order: National Identities, Bilateral Relations, and East vs. West in the 2010s. CA: Woodrow Wilson Center Press and Stanford University Press.
Suettinger, R. L.(2003) Beyond Tiananmen: The Politics of U.S.-China Relations 1989-2000. Brookings Institution Press.
Talbott, S. (1981). “The Strategic Dimension of the Sino-American Relationship: Enemy of Our Enemy, or True Friend?” In Richard H. Solomon, ed. The China Factor. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Turin, D.R. (2010) “The Beijing Consensus: China's Alternative Development Model,” Inquires Journal. 2(1). pp.1-2. http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/134/the-beijing-consensus-chinas-alternative-development-model
Checkel, J. (1997). International Norms and Domestic Politics: Bridging the Rational-ist - Constructivist Divide. European Journal of International Relations, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066197003004003
Cortell, A., Davis, J. (1996). How do international institutions matter: The domestic impact of international rules and norms. International Studies Quarterly, 40(4), pp. 451-478. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2600887
Davydov A.S. (2015) Beijing, Washington, Moscow: Relations in the Context of Transformation of Global Architectonics. M.: IFES RAS. - 400 p. ISBN 978-5-8381-0298-0.
Dittmer, L. (1981) The Strategic Triangle: An Elementary Game-Theoretical Analysis. World Politics, 33(4), pp. 485-515. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2010133
Dittmer, L. (2004). Ghost of the Strategic Triangle: The Sino-Russian Partnership. Chinese Foreign Policy: Pragmatism and Strategic Behavior. London and New York: M.E. Sharpe.
Evans, P., Jacobson, H. K., Putnam, R. D. (1993). Double Edged Diplomacy: Interna-tional Bargaining and Domestic Politics. Berkeley: University of California Press. - 508 p.
Galenovich, Y. (2001). “Rossiya i Kitai v XX veke: granitsa” [Russia and China in the 20th Century: Border]. Moscow: Izograf. 1 (in Russian).
Gottlieb, T. M. (1977). Chinese Foreign Policy Factionalism and the Origins of the Strategic Triangle. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation. pp. 9
Huang D. (2017). “Meie guanxi ni ‘zai chongqi’ de luoji, lingyu yu xiandu,” Dangdai Yatai, 6, pp. 67-91.
Ikenberry G. J. (2002). America Unrivaled: The Future of the Balance of Power. New York: Cornell University Press. - 336 p.
Kim, I. (1987). The Strategic Triangle: China, the United States and the Soviet Union. Paragon House Books. - 293 p.
Jain G. (2010). The US–Soviet–China Triangle. Strategic Analysis, 34(5), pp. 786-791. https://doi.org/10.1080/09700161.2010.501611
Katzenstein, P. J. (2005). A World of Regions: Asia and Europe in the American Imperium. Cornell University Press. - 320 p.
Keohane, R. O. (2005). After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press. - 320 p.
Kotkin, S. (2009). “The Unbalanced Triangle: What Chinese-Russian Relations Mean for the United States.” Foreign Affairs. 88(5). http://scholar.princeton.edu/kotkin/publications/unbalanced-triangle-what-chinese-russianrelations-mean-united-states
Kremeniuk V.A. (2012). “The Deeper Into the Forest...”: Relations in the Triangle USA-CHINA-RUSSIA are increasingly getting uneven. Comparative Politics Russia. 3(4(10)), pp. 36-46. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18611/2221-3279-2012-3-4(10)-36-46
Lamare, J. W. (1991). International Crisis and Domestic Politics, New York: Praeger. - 211 p.
Lieberthal, K. (1979). The strategic triangle: Can the U.S. play the “China card”? Köln: Bundesinstitut für ostwissenschaftliche und internationale Studien.
Milner, H. (1998). Rationalizing Politics: The Emerging Synthesis of international, American and Comparative Politics. International Organization, 52(4), pp. 759-786.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/002081898550743
Putnam, R. D. (1988). “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-Level Games,” International Organization. 42(3). pp. 427-460. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0020-818328 198822)42:32.O.CO;2-K
Rosenau, J. N. (1969). “Toward the study of national-international linkages,” pp. 43-63 in J. N. Rosenau (ed.) Linkage Politics. New York: Free Press. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414082015003005
Rosenau, J. N. (1973). “Theorizing across systems: linkage politics revisited,” pp. 25-56 in J. Wilkenfeld (ed.) Conflict Behavior and Linkage Politics. New York: David McKay.
Rozman, G. (2014). The Sino-Russian Challenge to the World Order: National Identities, Bilateral Relations, and East vs. West in the 2010s. CA: Woodrow Wilson Center Press and Stanford University Press.
Suettinger, R. L.(2003) Beyond Tiananmen: The Politics of U.S.-China Relations 1989-2000. Brookings Institution Press.
Talbott, S. (1981). “The Strategic Dimension of the Sino-American Relationship: Enemy of Our Enemy, or True Friend?” In Richard H. Solomon, ed. The China Factor. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Turin, D.R. (2010) “The Beijing Consensus: China's Alternative Development Model,” Inquires Journal. 2(1). pp.1-2. http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/134/the-beijing-consensus-chinas-alternative-development-model
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Publicado
2020-02-21
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Cheng, G., & Yin, Q. (2020). China as a factor in the evolution of “China-U.S.-(Soviet Union) Russian Strategic Triangle”. Amazonia Investiga, 9(26), 327–334. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2020.26.02.37
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