Constitutional guarantees of the right to work due to the COVID-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.41.05.20Palabras clave:
constitutional guarantees, right to work, employer, employee, labor relations.Resumen
In the conditions of proper functioning of society, the settlement of labor relations is a remarkably relevant issue, especially during global crises and shocks. Significant changes in the regulation of this issue in almost all countries have introduced the initiation of quarantine due to the quarantine regime. Fulfilling the duty of states to guarantee the protection and realization of the right to work in special conditions is a priority in ensuring the proper functioning of human life. The object of the study is the constitutional guarantees of the right to work due to the quarantine regime. The purpose of the work is to analyze the constitutional guarantees of the right to work in a COVID-19 pandemic. During the study, the following methods were used: historical, generalization, formal-legal, analysis of normative documents, articles, and monographs, comparative-legal, and the social-legal experiment. As a conclusion of the study, the peculiarities of the transformation of constitutional rights in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic were analyzed. In addition, the results of the analysis of regulations and opinions of several scientists established an extensive system of guarantees of the right to work, clarified problematic issues in the field of ensuring the right to work in a pandemic COVID-19.
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Citas
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Law No. 3356-XII, On collective agreements Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, July 1, 1993. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3356-12#Text
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Law No. 530-IX, On amendments to some legislative acts of Ukraine aimed at preventing the occurrence and spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 17, 2020. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/530-20#Text
Law No. 540-IX, On amendments to certain legislative acts aimed at providing additional social and economic guarantees in connection with the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 30, 2020. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/540-20#Text
Law No. 8074-10, Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, December 7, 1984. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/80731-10#Text.
Law No. 533-IX, On Amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine and Other Laws of Ukraine on Support of Taxpayers for the Period of Measures to Prevent the Occurrence and Spread of Coronavirus (Covid-19)". Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 17, 2020. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/533-20#Text.
Law No. 5067-VI, On Employment. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, July 5, 2012. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/5067-17#Text.
Lukyanova, N., & Zaitseva, O. (2021). The coronavirus pandemic: legal mechanisms to protect the labor and social rights of workers. Kyiv: Social Initiatives for Occupational Health and Safety" (LHSI). Recovered from http://rv.dsp.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/lhsi_pandemya_koronavrusu.pdf.
Mind. (2021). In France, a coronavirus pandemic has killed 500,000 jobs. Recovered from https://mind.ua/news/20211928-u-franciyi-pandemiya-koronavirusu-prizvela-do-zniknennya-500-000-robochih-misc
Nippon: a modern view of Japan. (2021). In Japan, the employment situation worsens: unemployment rises for the first time in 11 years. Recovered from https://www.nippon.com/ru/japan-data/h00930/
Order No. 455, Instructions on the procedure for issuing documents certifying temporary incapacity for work of citizens. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, November 13, 2001. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1005-01#Text.
Radchuk, O. (2021). Post-quarantine employment: how the labor market in Ukraine will change in 2021. Word and Deed. Recovered from https://www.slovoidilo.ua/2021/02/26/kolonka/aleksandr-radchuk/suspilstvo/postkarantynna-zajnyatist-yak-zminytsya-rynok-praczi-ukrayini-2021-roczi
Resolution No. 211, On prevention of the spread on the territory of Ukraine of the acute respiratory disease Covid-19 caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 11, 2020. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/211-2020-%D0%BF.
Resolution No. 275, On approval of the Regulations on working conditions of homeworkers. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, September 29, 1981. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/v0275400-81/print
Resolution No. 256, Some issues of ensuring the labor rights of civil servants, employees of state bodies, enterprises, institutions and organizations during the quarantine in connection with the aggravation of the situation associated with the spread of acute respiratory disease COVID-19 caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 25, 2020. Recovered from https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/deyaki-pitannya-zabezpechennya-tru.
Romashenko, S., & Dumanska, M. (2020). In Germany, the unemployment rate has risen due to the COVID-19 pandemic. German wave. Recovered from https://www.dw.com/uk/u-nimechchyni-cherez-pandemiiu-covid-19-zbilshyvsia-riven-bezrobittia/a-53290885
Spitsyna, G.O. (2013). Constitutional and legal guarantees of labor rights of foreigners and stateless persons in Ukraine. Collection of scientific works of Kharkiv National Pedagogical University named after G.S. Skovoroda: LAW, 20, 24-30. Recovered from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/znpkhnpu_pravo_2013_20_6
State Employment Service. (2020). Labor market after the quarantine summer. Recovered from https://www.dcz.gov.ua/novyna/rynok-praci-pislya-karantynnogo-lita
State Statistics Service of Ukraine. (2021). The official website. Recovered from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/
Svitailo, P. Yu. (2020). Topical issues of employer's responsibility for illegal dismissal of an employee in the context of the SARS-COV-2 coronavirus pandemic. Rule of Law Journal, 20, 124-132. Recovered from http://pd.onu.edu.ua/article/view/217602. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2020.40.217602
Tkalych, M., Safonchyk, O., & Tolmachevska, Y. (2020). Private Law and Human Rights: New Realities. DIXI, 32, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-5891.2020.02.04
United Nations. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Recovered from https://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/.
United Nations. (1966). International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Recovered from https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cescr.aspx
Yakymenko, M.M. (2006). The right to work in international documents and its consolidation in the legislation of Ukraine. Journal "Law and Security", 1, 1727-1584. Recovered from http://irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?C21COM=2&I21DBN=UJRN&P21DBN=UJRN&IMAGE_FILE_
DOWNLOAD=1&Image_file_name=PDF/Pib_2006_5_5_57.pdf
Council of Europe. (1961). European Social Charter. Recovered from https://www.google.com/search?q=European+Social+Charter&oq=European+Social+
Charter&aqs=chrome..69i57j0l4j0i22i30l5.610j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
International Labour Organisation. (1964). Employment Policy Recommendation No. 122. Recovered from https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:R122
International Labour Organisation. (1988). Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment Convention No. 168. Recovered from https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:::NO:12100:P12100_ILO_CODE:C168:NO
Ivanov, S.A., & Livshits, R.Z. (1982). Personality in Soviet labor law. Moscow: Nauka.
Kharytonov, E., Kharytonova, O., Kolodin, D., & Tkalych, M. (2020). The Covid-19 Pandemic and the Rights of the Individual in Terms of Private and Public Law. Ius Humani. Law Journal, 9(2), 225-250. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31207/ih.v9i2.253
Khreshatuk. (2010). Guarantees of citizens' rights to work 2010. Recovered from http://kreschatic.kiev.ua/ua/3722/art/1277929542.html
Knyazev, V.I. (1988). Constitutional guarantees of human and civil rights, freedoms and responsibilities in Ukraine. Law of Ukraine, 11, 14-32.
Law Entgeltfortzahlungsgesetz, On the payment of wages on public holidays and in the event of illness (Continued Remuneration Act). Federal Law Gazette, Berlin, Germany, May 26th, 1994. Recovered from https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/entgfg/BJNR106500994.html.
Law No. 108/95-??, On Compulsory State Social Insurance in Case of Unemployment. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 2, 2000. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1533-14#Text
Law No. 108/95-??, On remuneration of labor. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 24, 1995. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/108/95-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text
Law No. 1105-XIV, On Compulsory State Social Insurance. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, September 23, 1999. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1105-14#Text
Law No. 1645-14, On Protection of the Population from Infectious Diseases. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, April 6, 2000. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1645-14#Text
Law No. 2341-III, Criminal Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, April 5, 2001. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14/conv#n2649
Law No. 254?/96-??, Constitution of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, June 28, 1996. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text.
Law No. 2694-XII, On labor protection. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, October 14, 1992. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2694-12#Text
Law No. 322-VIII, Labor Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, December 10, 1971. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/322-08#Text
Law No. 3356-XII, On collective agreements Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, July 1, 1993. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3356-12#Text
Law No. 37/98-??, On the procedure for resolving collective labor disputes (conflicts). Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 3, 1998. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/137/98-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text
Law No. 504/96-??, On leave. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, November 15, 1996. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/504/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text
Law No. 530-IX, On amendments to some legislative acts of Ukraine aimed at preventing the occurrence and spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 17, 2020. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/530-20#Text
Law No. 540-IX, On amendments to certain legislative acts aimed at providing additional social and economic guarantees in connection with the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 30, 2020. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/540-20#Text
Law No. 8074-10, Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, December 7, 1984. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/80731-10#Text.
Law No. 533-IX, On Amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine and Other Laws of Ukraine on Support of Taxpayers for the Period of Measures to Prevent the Occurrence and Spread of Coronavirus (Covid-19)". Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 17, 2020. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/533-20#Text.
Law No. 5067-VI, On Employment. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, July 5, 2012. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/5067-17#Text.
Lukyanova, N., & Zaitseva, O. (2021). The coronavirus pandemic: legal mechanisms to protect the labor and social rights of workers. Kyiv: Social Initiatives for Occupational Health and Safety" (LHSI). Recovered from http://rv.dsp.gov.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/lhsi_pandemya_koronavrusu.pdf.
Mind. (2021). In France, a coronavirus pandemic has killed 500,000 jobs. Recovered from https://mind.ua/news/20211928-u-franciyi-pandemiya-koronavirusu-prizvela-do-zniknennya-500-000-robochih-misc
Nippon: a modern view of Japan. (2021). In Japan, the employment situation worsens: unemployment rises for the first time in 11 years. Recovered from https://www.nippon.com/ru/japan-data/h00930/
Order No. 455, Instructions on the procedure for issuing documents certifying temporary incapacity for work of citizens. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, November 13, 2001. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1005-01#Text.
Radchuk, O. (2021). Post-quarantine employment: how the labor market in Ukraine will change in 2021. Word and Deed. Recovered from https://www.slovoidilo.ua/2021/02/26/kolonka/aleksandr-radchuk/suspilstvo/postkarantynna-zajnyatist-yak-zminytsya-rynok-praczi-ukrayini-2021-roczi
Resolution No. 211, On prevention of the spread on the territory of Ukraine of the acute respiratory disease Covid-19 caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 11, 2020. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/211-2020-%D0%BF.
Resolution No. 275, On approval of the Regulations on working conditions of homeworkers. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, September 29, 1981. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/v0275400-81/print
Resolution No. 256, Some issues of ensuring the labor rights of civil servants, employees of state bodies, enterprises, institutions and organizations during the quarantine in connection with the aggravation of the situation associated with the spread of acute respiratory disease COVID-19 caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, March 25, 2020. Recovered from https://www.kmu.gov.ua/npas/deyaki-pitannya-zabezpechennya-tru.
Romashenko, S., & Dumanska, M. (2020). In Germany, the unemployment rate has risen due to the COVID-19 pandemic. German wave. Recovered from https://www.dw.com/uk/u-nimechchyni-cherez-pandemiiu-covid-19-zbilshyvsia-riven-bezrobittia/a-53290885
Spitsyna, G.O. (2013). Constitutional and legal guarantees of labor rights of foreigners and stateless persons in Ukraine. Collection of scientific works of Kharkiv National Pedagogical University named after G.S. Skovoroda: LAW, 20, 24-30. Recovered from http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/znpkhnpu_pravo_2013_20_6
State Employment Service. (2020). Labor market after the quarantine summer. Recovered from https://www.dcz.gov.ua/novyna/rynok-praci-pislya-karantynnogo-lita
State Statistics Service of Ukraine. (2021). The official website. Recovered from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/
Svitailo, P. Yu. (2020). Topical issues of employer's responsibility for illegal dismissal of an employee in the context of the SARS-COV-2 coronavirus pandemic. Rule of Law Journal, 20, 124-132. Recovered from http://pd.onu.edu.ua/article/view/217602. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18524/2411-2054.2020.40.217602
Tkalych, M., Safonchyk, O., & Tolmachevska, Y. (2020). Private Law and Human Rights: New Realities. DIXI, 32, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-5891.2020.02.04
United Nations. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Recovered from https://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/.
United Nations. (1966). International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Recovered from https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cescr.aspx
Yakymenko, M.M. (2006). The right to work in international documents and its consolidation in the legislation of Ukraine. Journal "Law and Security", 1, 1727-1584. Recovered from http://irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?C21COM=2&I21DBN=UJRN&P21DBN=UJRN&IMAGE_FILE_
DOWNLOAD=1&Image_file_name=PDF/Pib_2006_5_5_57.pdf
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Publicado
2021-06-29
Cómo citar
Chupryna, Y., Murtishcheva, A., Kravtsov, D., Poproshaieva, O., & Zakomorna, K. (2021). Constitutional guarantees of the right to work due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Amazonia Investiga, 10(41), 199–210. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.41.05.20
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