Vol. 14 No. 86 (2025)
Articles

The role of geographical and legal features in optimizing security and control of semi-enclosed seas: A case study of the eastern Adriatic Sea

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  • Tomislav Sunko,
  • Mihael Dedo,
  • Ružica Popović,
  • Toni Mišković,
  • Marin Delić,
  • Lovro Strnad
Tomislav Sunko
Croatian Defense Academy “Dr Franjo Tuđman”, Zagreb, Croatia.
Author Biography

PhD., Asst. Prof., Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Croatia, Croatian Defense Academy “Dr Franjo Tuđman”, Zagreb, Croatia.

Mihael Dedo
Croatian Defense Academy “Dr Franjo Tuđman”, Zagreb, Croatia.
Author Biography

University Magister of Engineering in Naval/Maritime Traffic, Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Croatia, Croatian Defense Academy “Dr Franjo Tuđman”, Zagreb, Croatia.

Ružica Popović
Regional Meteorological Office Split, Split, Croatia.
Author Biography

PhD., Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service, Regional Meteorological Office Split, Split, Croatia.

Toni Mišković
Transmitters and Communications Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.
Author Biography

Master of Engineering in Electrical Engineering, Transmitters and Communications Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia.

Marin Delić
Split Ship Management, Split, Croatia.
Author Biography

Bachelor of Engineering in Nautical Studies / Nautical Science, Split Ship Management, Split, Croatia.

Lovro Strnad
Dr. Franjo Tuđman Defense and Security University, Zagreb, Croatia.
Author Biography

Student, Rectory, Dr. Franjo Tuđman Defense and Security University, Zagreb, Croatia.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2025.86.02.21

Published 2025-12-01

Keywords

  • Semi-enclosed sea,
  • security,
  • surveillance,
  • Adriatic

How to Cite

Sunko, T., Dedo, M., Popović, R., Mišković, T., Delić, M., & Strnad, L. (2025). The role of geographical and legal features in optimizing security and control of semi-enclosed seas: A case study of the eastern Adriatic Sea. Amazonia Investiga, 14(86), 281–297. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2025.86.02.21

Copyright (c) 2025 Tomislav Sunko, Mihael Dedo, Ružica Popović, Toni Mišković, Marin Delić, Lovro Strnad

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Semi-enclosed seas are geographic areas specifically defined by their general geometry. Geographical characteristics heavily influence the possibilities and challenges of surveillance, security and navigation of semi-enclosed seas. This paper analyses specifications and typical challenges that occur within the semi-enclosed seas, firstly by defining them and secondly by comparing different challenges that occur within different geographical areas. The causality of typical challenges is then correlated to geomorphological, geopolitical and hydrometeorological properties of semi-enclosed seas. Heavy focus is on the problematics arising on the eastern coast of Adriatic. These are further compared to the general properties of challenges occurring in the semi-enclosed seas analysed by comparison of different regions, resulting in not only a correlation between semi-enclosed sea properties, but also a clear systematizations and categorization of those problems which will enable further research on combating them.

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