The ICC jurisdiction in Ukraine: challenges and opportunities in the fight against impunity

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2024.77.05.20

Palabras clave:

international law, human rights, war crimes, genocide, international responsibility, international sanctions.

Resumen

This article examines the legal relationship between the International Criminal Court (ICC) and Ukraine, a non-party to the Rome Statute, focusing on the scope of the Court's jurisdiction to consider Ukraine's referrals regarding serious crimes committed on its territory since 2014. Discussions regarding the extension of the ICC's jurisdiction over Ukraine commenced in 2014-2015 following Ukraine's two requests for recognition of the ICC's ad hoc jurisdiction. Following the full-scale invasion in 2022, the ICC consolidated these proceedings with the ongoing investigation of crimes committed in Ukraine since 2014. This article analyzes how the ICC's jurisdiction applies to Ukraine, the challenges and prospects for cooperation between the ICC and Ukraine in investigating crimes committed by Russian forces, and the broader implications for the international criminal justice system. The authors analyze arguments for and against Ukraine's ratification of the Rome Statute, concluding that the ICC's jurisdictional framework, particularly concerning the crime of aggression, requires refinement.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Andrii Lankevych, Lviv University of Business and Law, Ukraine.

Doctor of Law, Associate Professor of the Department of Judiciary, Prosecutor's Office and Advocacy, Lviv University of Business and Law, Ukraine.

Oleh Zaverukha, Lviv University of Business and Law, Ukraine.

PhD in Chemical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Natural Sciences and Environment Protection, Lviv University of Business and Law, Ukraine.

Rostyslav Sopilnyk, Institution of Higher Education “Lviv University of Business and Law”, Ukraine.

Doctor of Law, Professor, Honored Lawyer of Ukraine, Professor of the Department of Economic and Legal Disciplines, Institution of Higher Education “Lviv University of Business and Law”, Ukraine.

Oleksandr Havrylenko, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine.

Doctor of Law, Professor, International and European Law Department, School of Law, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Ukraine.

Olha Podilchak, State University of Trade and Economics, Ukraine.

PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Department of Legal Support of Business Security, Faculty of International Trade and Law, State University of Trade and Economics, Ukraine.

Citas

Ali Al Omar, B.A., & Allwan Al Amery, A.S. (2024). The challenges of filling cases to the international criminal court. Randwick International of Social Science Journal, 5(1), 137-146. https://doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v5i1.897

Black, H. C. (1968). Black’s Law Dictionary, 2nd Ed. West publishing CO. URL: https://heimatundrecht.de/sites/default/files/dokumente/Black%27sLaw4th.pdf

Bytyak, Y., Yakovyuk, I., Tragniuk, O., Komarova, T., & Shestopal, S. (2017). The State sovereignty and sovereign rights: the correlation problem. Man In India, 97(23), 577-588.

Congressional Research Service (2023). The role of international tribunals in the response to the invasion of Ukraine. URL: https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10704 Accessed: 24 Apr. 2024.

Dannenbaum, T. (2022). A special tribunal for the crime of aggression? Journal of International Criminal Justice, 20(4), 859-873. https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqac047

Dervi̇ş, L. (2023). Transformation of geopolitical perceptions in the Russian-Ukrainian war: impact on regional relations in the future. Futurity of Social Sciences, 1(1), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.57125/FS.2023.03.20.02

Drozdov, O.M., Drozdova, O.V., Karpenko, M.O., & Zuev, V.V. (2022). Cooperation with an International Criminal Court: organizational, jurisdictional and criminal procedure aspects. Juridical Scientific and Electronic Journal, 8, 484-492. http://lsej.org.ua/8_2022/110.pdf

European Court of Human Rights (1950). European Convention on Human Rights. URL: https://www.echr.coe.int/european-convention-on-human-rights

Geng, Z. (2023). An exploration of selective justice in the International Criminal Court. SHS Web of Conferences, 178, 02019. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317802019

Gennadievich Danilyan, O., Petrovich Dzeban, A., Yurievich Kalinovsky, Y., Anatolievich Kalnytskyi, E., & Borisovna Zhdanenko, S. (2018). Personal information rights and freedoms within the modern society. Informatologia, 51(1-2), 24-33. https://doi.org/10.32914/i.51.1-2.3

Grzebyk, P. (2023). Crime of aggression against Ukraine. Journal of International Criminal Justice, 21(3), 435-459. https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqad035

Gutnyk, V. (2023). The development of international criminal justice: Expectations and reality. Right, 126, 101-115. https://doi.org/10.15388/Teise.2023.126.7

Gutnyk, V.V. (2024). The international criminal court: Current problems and ways of their solution. Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, 3(81), 251-257, https://doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2024.81.3.37

Heller, K.J. (2024). Options for prosecuting Russian aggression against Ukraine: A critical analysis. Journal of Genocide Research, 26(1), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2022.2095094

International Criminal Court (2022). Situation in Ukraine ICC-01/22. Available at: https://www.icc-cpi.int/situations/ukraine

International Court of Justice. (1945). Statute of the International Court of Justice. https://www.icj-cij.org/statute#CHAPTER_II

Kaplina, O. (2022). Prisoner of war: special status in the criminal proceedings of Ukraine and the right to exchange. Access to Justice in Eastern Europe, 4-2(17), 8-24. https://doi.org/10.33327/AJEE-18-5.4-a000438

Kovaliuk, T., Kobets, N., Ivashchenko, D., & Kushnarov, V. (2020). Environmental monitoring and population protection from environmental factors. In Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction: 4th IFIP TC 5 DCITDRR International Conference, ITDRR 2019, Kyiv, Ukraine, October 9-10, 2019, Revised Selected Papers 4 (pp. 55-66). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48939-7_6

Kress, C., Hobe, S., & Nußberger, A. (2023). The Ukraine war and the crime of aggression: How to fill the gaps in the international legal system. Just Security. https://acortar.link/Mn0YbB

Kumar, A. (2021). Analysis of the principle of subsidiarity as a principle of EU law: Future perspectives. Futurity Economics&Law, 1(4), 18.27. https://doi.org/10.57125/FEL.2021.12.25.03

Lanza, G. (2022). The fundamental role of international (criminal) law in the war in Ukraine. Orbis, 66(3), 424-435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orbis.2022.05.010

Maraieva, U. (2022). On the formation of a new information worldview of the future (literature review). Futurity Philosophy, 1(1), 18-29. https://doi.org/10.57125/FP.2022.03.30.02

Marchuk, I. (2021). Ukraine and the international criminal court: implications of the ad hoc jurisdiction acceptance and beyond. Vanderbilt Law Review, 49, 323. https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vjtl/vol49/iss2/2

Marchuk, I., & Wanigasuriya, A. (2022). The ICC and the Russia-Ukraine war. American Society of International Law, 26(4). https://www.asil.org/insights/volume/26/issue/4

Matkovskyi, А.А. (2023). The problem of execution of judgments of the International Criminal Court by Ukraine. Law and Society, 3, 380-389. http://pravoisuspilstvo.org.ua/archive/2023/3_2023/57.pdf

Mcdougall, C. (2023). The imperative of prosecuting crimes of aggression committed against Ukraine. Journal of Conflict and Security Law, 28(2), 203-230. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcsl/krad004

Moreno Ocampo, L. (2023). Ending selective justice for the international crime of aggression. Just Security. https://acortar.link/VSHZ2A/

Murachov, R. (2023). Peculiarities of interaction between Ukraine and the international criminal court: Legal aspects. Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, 5, 654-658. https://doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2023.05.115

Pavlenko, I.V., & Ohievich, S.M. (2020). Peculiarities of international jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court on human crimes: theoretical-legal aspect. Scientific Notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, 3(2), 207-212. https://doi.org/10.32838/2707-0581/2020.2-3/33

Rynkun-Werner, R., Kozicki, B., Zelkowski, J., & Krzew, D. (2023). Jurisdiction of the international criminal court in the Hague and war crimes in Ukraine in the face of security. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 13(1), 325-336. https://doi.org/10.47459/jssi.2023.13.34

Schüller, A. (2023). What can(’t) international criminal justice deliver for Ukraine? Verfassungsblog. https://verfassungsblog.de/justice-ukraine/

Shumilo, O. M. (2021). Prospects of determining the International Criminal Court jurisdiction regarding ecocide. Actual Problems of Native Jurisprudence, 5(5), 106-112. https://doi.org/10.15421/392207

Smyrnov, M.I. (2023). Conceptual issues of ratification of the Rome statute of international criminal court and Ukraine’s cooperation with international criminal court in the context of Russian’s military aggression against Ukraine. Juridical Scientific and Electronic Journal, 1, 542-546. http://lsej.org.ua/1_2023/125.pdf

Smyrnov, M. I. (2022). Prospects and legal consequences of Ukraine’s ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court in the context of Russian’s military aggression against Ukraine. Juris Europensis Scientia, 6, 98-102. http://jes.nuoua.od.ua/archive/6_2022/19.pdf

Syroid, T.L. (2009a). Legal standards and role of the prosecutor in international criminal trials. Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs. https://acortar.link/fSfGFX

Syroid, T.L. (2009b). Procedure for recognizing individuals as victims in international criminal proceedings. Newsletter of the Academy of Mine Service of Ukraine. Series: “Law”, 2(3). https://biblio.umsf.dp.ua/jspui/bitstream/123456789/3376/1/vamsup_2009_2_29.pdf

Udzhmadzhuridze, H., Bilan, S., & Kryvoshein, V. (2019). Individual significance of political participation in today’s Ukrainian society: The case of Dnipro city. Economics & Sociology, 12(1), 193-207. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2019/12-1/11

United Nations (1998). Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. United Nations Treaty Collection. https://acortar.link/tNIxUE

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (1996). Constitution of Ukraine. Official website of the Parliament of Ukraine. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/en/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2012). Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/en/4651-17#Text

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2001). Constitutional Court of Ukraine Conclusion in the case on the constitutional submission of the President of Ukraine on the provision of an opinion on the compliance of the Constitution of Ukraine with the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (the case of the Rome Statute). URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/go/v003v710-01

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2014). Statement of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. To the International Criminal Court on recognition by Ukraine of the jurisdiction of the international criminal court to commit crimes against humanity by senior officials of the state, which led to particularly serious consequences and the mass murder of Ukrainian citizens during peaceful protests at November 21, 2013 to February 22, 2014. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/790-18#Text

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2015). Statement of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine "On recognition by Ukraine of the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court of crimes against humanity and war crimes by senior officials of the Russian Federation and leaders of terrorist organizations "DPR" and "LPR" which led to particularly serious consequences and mass murder of Ukrainian citizens." https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/145-19#Text

Publicado

2024-05-30

Cómo citar

Lankevych, A., Zaverukha, O., Sopilnyk, R., Havrylenko, O., & Podilchak, O. (2024). The ICC jurisdiction in Ukraine: challenges and opportunities in the fight against impunity. Amazonia Investiga, 13(77), 270–279. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2024.77.05.20

Número

Sección

Articles