Medios de comunicación de masas regionales: de la autocensura a la creación de mitos
Palabras clave:
Suministro de información, no divulgación, autocensura, mito de los medios de comunicación, medios de comunicación regionales.Resumen
Este artículo pretende resolver el siguiente problema científico: estudiar las formas de interacción entre los medios de comunicación, el público y las autoridades utilizadas en la práctica regional. La relevancia y el significado científico de resolver el problema mencionado radica en el hecho de que los medios de comunicación modernos existen en un espacio social que cambia dinámicamente. El objetivo principal es determinar cómo se reflejan plenamente los eventos de la vida política y pública de un país o región en la práctica diaria de los medios de comunicación regionales. Sobre la base del análisis de los medios impresos, los autores del artículo consideran la autenticidad, integridad y objetividad de la visión del mundo de la información creada por los periodistas de la región de Arkhangelsk. El mecanismo contractual de los servicios de información utilizados por las autoridades obliga a los periodistas a recurrir a la autocensura y la no divulgación de información socialmente importante, lo que lleva a la creación de mitos mediáticos y la pérdida de profesionalismo, así como a cambios en las características esenciales del periodismo. Se indica que para esta profesión es mucho más peligroso distorsionar conscientemente la realidad reflejada al enfatizar algunos eventos o ciertos aspectos de los fenómenos mostrados y ocultar otros, es decir, manipular la conciencia de masas a través de la no divulgación. La no divulgación no solo borra, destruye y elimina hechos, sino que también crea una visión del mundo de la información mítica, distorsionada y no confiable.
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Vershinina, V.K. (2006). Gazeta "Saarbryukker tsaitung" kak tip regionalnoi pressy Germanii [The "Saarbrücken Zeitunga" newspaper as a type of regional print media in Germany]: extended abstract of dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Moscow, 24.
Voronenkova, G.F. (2011). Put dlinoi v pyat stoletii: ot rukopisnogo listka do informatsionnogo obshchestva. Natsionalnoe svoeobrazie sredstv massovoi informatsii Germanii (istoricheskie predposylki, osobennosti stanovleniya i evolyutsiya, tipologicheskie kharakteristiki, struktura, sostoyanie na rubezhe tysyacheletii) [The five-centuries-long path: from manuscripts to information society. National features of mass media in Germany (historical preconditions, distinctive formation and evolution, typological characteristics, structure, state at the turn of millennia)]. The 2nd enlarged and revised edition. Moscow, Izd-vo Mosk. un-ta, 648 pp.
Winniczuk, A.V. (2009). Gorodskie gazety: istoricheskii, klassifikatsionno-tipologicheskii i soderzhatelnyi aspekty (na primere gorodskikh gazet g.Rostov-on-Don i gorodov Rostovskoi oblasti) [Urban newspapers: historical, classifying-typological and substantial aspects]: extended abstract of dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Rostov-on-Don, 29
Barthes, R. (1994). Mif segodnya [Myth today]. Izbrannye raboty: Semiotika. Poetika. Moscow, Izdatelskaya gruppa "Progress", "Univers", 72-130.
Beglov, S.I. (2002). Chetvertaya vlast: britanskaya model. Istoriya pechati Velikobritanii ot "novostnykh pisem" do elektronnykh gazet [The fourth estate: the British model. The history of printing in Great Britain: from newsletters to e-newspapers]. Moscow, Izd-vo Mosk. un-ta, 256.
Berdyaev, N. (1939). Paradoks lzhi [The paradox of lie]. Sovremennye zapiski, 69. [Electronic resourse] Retrieved February 27, 2019 from : http://www.odinblago.ru/paradoks_lzhi
Bykov, A.Yu. (2003). Sovremennaya zarubezhnaya zhurnalistika [Modern foreign journalism]. Lecture notes. Student's textbook. Yekaterinburg, 118.
Galkina, M.Yu. (2008). Faktory formirovaniya regionalnoi pressy v Finlyandii [Factors of forming the regional mass media in Finland]. Vestnik Mosk. un-ta. Vol. 10. Zhurnalistika, 3, 96-111.
Gerulya, M. (2001). Mestnaya periodicheskaya pechat Polshi 1990-kh gg.: tipologiya, sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya [The regional print media in Poland of the 1990s: typology, the current state and development perspectives]: extended abstract of dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Rostov-on-Don, 39.
Ivanishcheva, O.N. (2011). Smert regionalnoi zhurnalistiki? (nekotorye subektivnye razmyshleniya o sudbe pressy Murmanskoi oblasti) [The death of regional mass media? (some subjective reflections on the fate of Murmansk print media)]. Zhurnalist. Sotsialnye kommunikatsii, 4, 61-72.
Ivanova, L.V. (2005). Pressa kak faktor formirovaniya gorodskoi sredy i gorodskogo soobshchestva (na primere gazetnoi periodiki g. Stavropolya-na-Volge – Tolyatti) [Mass media as a factor of forming urban environment and community (as exemplified by the print media of Stavropol-on-Volga – Tolyatti)]: extended abstract of dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Voronezh, 22.
Krasilova, N.A. (2010). Umolchanie kak priem v politicheskom informirovanii auditoria [Non-disclosure as a method of politically informing the audience]. In: Zhurnalistika v 2009 godu: Transformatsiya sistem SMI v sovremennom mire. Sbornik materialov mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii. Moscow: Fakultet zhurnalistiki MGU imeni M.V. Lomonosova, 27.
Labush, N.S., Tuzova, A.F. (2011). Dvoinye standarty: teoreticheskie osnovy i massmediinaya praktika: sotsialno-politicheskii analiz [Double standards: theoretical foundations and media practice: the social-political analysis]: Student's textbook. Saint-Petersburg, Roza mira, 117.
Makeenko, M.I. (2003). Ezhednevnaya pechat: amerikanskii opyt kontsa KhKh stoletiya. 1995-2000 gg [Daily media: the US experience of the late 20th century. 1995-2000]. Moscow, Izd-vo Mosk. un-ta, 192.
Mikhailov, S.A. (2004). Zhurnalistika Soedinennykh Shtatov Ameriki [Journalism in the United States of America]. Saint-Petersburg, Izd-vo Mikhailova V.A., 448.
Nikitinskii, L. (2013). Zavtrashnii nomer. Filosofiya zhurnalistiki v konspektakh [The tomorrow issue. The philosophy of journalism in notes]. Moscow, "Onebook.ru", 104. Retrieved February 27, 2019 from: https://issuu.com/novayagazeta/docs/block_print_001-104
Ovsepyan, R.P. (2005). Istoriya noveishei otechestvennoi zhurnalistiki: fevral 1917– nachalo XXI v. [The history of the Russian contemporary journalism: February 1917 – the beginning of the 21st century]: Student's textbook / edited by Ya.N. Zasurskii. The 3rd revised and enlarged edition. Moscow, Izd-vo Mosk. un-ta: Nauka, 352.
Palenkov, S.E. (2010). Informatsionnaya dinamika v sisteme SMI (na materiale regionalnoi pressy) [Information dynamics in the system of mass media (as exemplified by regional mass media)]: extended abstract of dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Krasnodar, 21.
Sharonchikova, L.V. (2006). Pressa Frantsii v menyayushchemsya mire (1944-2004) [The print media of France in the ever-changing world (1944-2004)]. Moscow, RITs ISPI RAN, 440.
Solomonov, Yu.Yu. (2003). Regionalnaya pressa Frantsiya. Istoriya i sekrety uspekha ezhednevnykh gazet [Regional mass media in France. History and formula for success of daily newspapers]. Moscow, Izd-vo RIP-kholding, 136.
Vershinina, V.K. (2006). Gazeta "Saarbryukker tsaitung" kak tip regionalnoi pressy Germanii [The "Saarbrücken Zeitunga" newspaper as a type of regional print media in Germany]: extended abstract of dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Moscow, 24.
Voronenkova, G.F. (2011). Put dlinoi v pyat stoletii: ot rukopisnogo listka do informatsionnogo obshchestva. Natsionalnoe svoeobrazie sredstv massovoi informatsii Germanii (istoricheskie predposylki, osobennosti stanovleniya i evolyutsiya, tipologicheskie kharakteristiki, struktura, sostoyanie na rubezhe tysyacheletii) [The five-centuries-long path: from manuscripts to information society. National features of mass media in Germany (historical preconditions, distinctive formation and evolution, typological characteristics, structure, state at the turn of millennia)]. The 2nd enlarged and revised edition. Moscow, Izd-vo Mosk. un-ta, 648 pp.
Winniczuk, A.V. (2009). Gorodskie gazety: istoricheskii, klassifikatsionno-tipologicheskii i soderzhatelnyi aspekty (na primere gorodskikh gazet g.Rostov-on-Don i gorodov Rostovskoi oblasti) [Urban newspapers: historical, classifying-typological and substantial aspects]: extended abstract of dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Philological Sciences. Rostov-on-Don, 29
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2019-06-25
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Tretyakova, O. V., Salimov, D. M., Sidorova, T. A., Ivanishcheva, O. N., & Pankratova, M. E. (2019). Medios de comunicación de masas regionales: de la autocensura a la creación de mitos. Amazonia Investiga, 8(20), 559–567. Recuperado a partir de https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/182
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