Vol. 14 No. 85 (2025)
Articles

Online processing of verb-noun collocation for Chinese learners of English as a foreign language

Zheng Honglian
Zhejiang Yuexiu University, China.
Author Biography

Associate professor, doctor of linguistics, Zhejiang Yuexiu University, China.

Published 2025-01-30

Keywords

  • Online processing, verb-noun collocation, Chinese EFL learners, response time, L1-L2 congruence.

How to Cite

Honglian, Z. (2025). Online processing of verb-noun collocation for Chinese learners of English as a foreign language. Amazonia Investiga, 14(85), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2025.85.01.2

Abstract

This study focused on two distinct Chinese groups of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners: those with advanced proficiency and those with basic proficiency. The objective was to explore the mechanisms used by Chinese EFL learners in processing and comprehending verb-noun collocations in an online context. The key metrics under consideration were learner response time, the influence of collocation appropriateness, and the alignment between their native language (L1) and English (L2). The findings reveal that: 1)The advanced learners demonstrated significantly faster reaction times overall, particularly when dealing with both appropriate and inappropriate collocations. 2)Accuracy was higher for appropriate verb-noun collocations compared to inappropriate ones, and the advanced group outperformed the basic group in this regard. 3)Notably, there was no significant difference in processing time between the two proficiency levels for both appropriate and inappropriate collocations. These results provide valuable empirical insights into the factors influencing EFL learners’ online comprehension of verb-noun collocations, highlighting the role of L2 proficiency and the congruence with their L1.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Alruwaili, A. (2020). Data-driven learning approach for teaching verb-noun collocation in an English foreign language context. Asiatic. IIUM journal of English Language and Literature, 14(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.31436/asiatic.v14i1.1841
  2. Biber, D., & Conrad, S. (2005). Lexical bundles in conversation and academic prose. Lexicographica, 20(2004), 56-71. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783484604674.56
  3. Cao, Y. (2016). A study on collocation representation of Chinese EFL learners and its influencing factors. Wuhan: Wuhan University Press. ISBN 9787307187863
  4. Cao, Y., Wen, Q.F., & Zhang, F.W. (2016). A study of Chinese learners’ Representational ways of formulaic language. Journal of Foreign Languages and Foreign Language Teaching, 4, 21-27. https://doi.org/10.13458/j.cnki.flatt.004272
  5. Choi, S. (2017). Processing and learning of enhanced English collocations: An eye movement study. Language Teaching Research, 21(3), 403-426. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168816653271
  6. Digtyar, O.Y., Kuvshinova, E. E., Shirokikh, A.Y., & Kameneva, N.A. (2023). Modern methods of teaching foreign languages. Amazonia Investiga, 12(72), 112-122. http://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.72.12.10
  7. Goldberg, A. E. (2019). Explain Me This: Creativity, competition, and the partial productivity of constructions. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691174266
  8. Gui, S. C., & Yang, H. Z. (2003). Chinese Learner English Corpus. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press. ISBN 9787810805315
  9. Gyllstad, H., & Wolter, B. (2015). Collocational processing in light of the phraseological continuum model: Does semantic transparency matter? Language Learning, 66(2), 296-323. https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12143
  10. Hunston, S. (1994). Evaluation and organization in a sample of written academic discourse. In M. Coulthard (ed.). Advances in written text analysis. London: Routledge. ISBN 9780415095204
  11. Kita, K., & Ogata, H. (1997). Collocation in language learning: corpus-based automatic complication of collocations and bilingual collocation concordance. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 10(3), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1080/0958822970100303
  12. Laufer, B., & Waldman, T. (2011). Verb-noun collocations in second language writing: A corpus analysis of learners' English. Language Learning, 61(2), 647-672. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00621.x
  13. Liang, M. C., Li, W. Z., & Xu, J. J. (2010). Using Corpora: A Practical Coursebook. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. ISBN 9787560098449, 7560098444
  14. Ma, F. Y., Li, S. C., & Guo, T. M. (2016). Reactive and proactive control in bilingual word production: An investigation of influential factors. Journal of Memory and Language, 68, 35-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2015.08.004
  15. McCarthy, M., & O’Dell, F. (2014). English Vocabulary Collocation in Use. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. ISBN 9787513563222
  16. Nesselhauf, N. (2005). Collocations in a learner corpus. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN 9789027222855, 9781588115249, 9789027294739
  17. Prodromou, L. (2003). Idiomaticity and the non-native speaker. English Today, 19(2), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266078403002086
  18. Siyanova, A., & Schmitt, N. (2008). L2 learner production and processing of collocation: A multi-study perspective. The Canadian Modern Language Review, 64(3), 429-458. https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.64.3.429
  19. Szudarski, P., & Conklin, K. (2014). Short- and long-term effects of rote rehearsal on ESL learners’ processing of L2 collocations. TESOL Quarterly, 48(4), 833-842. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.201
  20. Vilnius, L. (2016). Are nonadjacent collocations processed faster? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 42(10), 1632–1642. http://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000259
  21. Wang, T. S., Xu, Y. Y., & Li, F. (2015). A study on the acquisition of verb-noun collocation by Chinese EFL learners. Foreign Language Teaching in Shandong, 5, 9-17. http://link.oversea.cnki.net/doi/10.16482/j.sdwy37-1026.2015-05-002
  22. Wei, X., Yang, F., & Zhang, W. X. (2017). On the characteristics of collocation acquisition in second language. Journal of Foreign Languages, 3, 101-107. http://link.oversea.cnki.net/doi/10.16263/j.cnki.23-1071/h.2017.03.019
  23. Wolter, B., & Gyllstad, H. (2013). Frequency of input and L2 collocational processing: A comparison of congruent and incongruent collocations. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 35(3), 451-482. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263113000107
  24. Wolter, B., & Gyllstad, H. (2011). Collocational links in the L2 mental lexicon and the influence of L1 intralexical knowledge. Applied Linguistics, 32(4), 123-139. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amr004
  25. Xia, L.X., Xia, Y., & Li, Q. (2014). A corpus-based study on the characteristics of Chinese EFL learners’ verb-noun collocation. Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 35, 68-72. http://link.oversea.cnki.net/doi/10.16362/j.cnki.cn61-1023/h.2014.01.024
  26. Xu, J. J., & Jia, Y. L. (2009). BFSU Collocator 1.0: A collocation extraction tool [CP]. Beijing: The National Research Center for Foreign Language Education. Beijing Foreign Studies University, 2009. https://corpus.bfsu.edu.cn/TOOLS.htm
  27. Xue, X. Z. (2015). Ten-thousand English Compositions of Chinese Learners (The TECCL corpus) [DB]. Version 1.1. The National Research Centre for Foreign Language Education, Beijing Foreign Studies University. https://corpus.bfsu.edu.cn/info/1070/1449.htm
  28. Yamashita, J., & Jiang, N. (2012). L1 influence on the acquisition of L2 collocations: Japanese ESL users and EFL learners acquiring English collocations. TESOL Quarterly, 44(4), 647-668. https://doi.org/10.5054/tq.2010.235998
  29. Zhang, J., & Li, W. Z. (2016). An analysis of errors in the Verb-noun collocation pattern in COLEC. Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 4, 30-32. http://link.oversea.cnki.net/doi/10.16362/j.cnki.cn61-1023/h.2004.04.012
  30. Zhang, W. Z., & Yang, S. C. (2009). An analysis of V-N collocation errors in CLEC. Journal of PLA Institute of Foreign Languages, 32(2), 39-44.