Implementation of AI in international law and administrative law (in the context of human rights protection)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.67.07.6Keywords:
international law, human rights, administrative law, artificial intelligence, court procedures, justice.Abstract
The purpose of the article is to analyze the possibility of introducing artificial intelligence into the rules of international and administrative law in the context of ensuring human rights, in particular through the activities of public administration bodies and the consideration of administrative cases. Research results. The article outlines the problems of the international legal definition of artificial intelligence using the examples of resolutions of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the Code of Ethics of transnational corporations and legal instruments of individual States. Practical meaning. The authors analyze the state of international legal regulation and the possibility of using AI, provided that human rights are respected at the national level, including in the activities of bodies authorized to consider cases of administrative offenses, implementation of electronic justice in administrative and procedural court practice. Value/originality. Scientific proposals regarding the relevance of the international legal definition of the concept of artificial intelligence, the problems of observing human rights in its application both at the international and national level, in particular, the use of its opportunities in justice for the purpose of more effective consideration of cases, and at the same time reducing the burden on judicial systems are formulated, ability to conduct legal proceedings using AI is analyzed.
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References
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Androshchuk, H. (2020). Strategy for the development of artificial intelligence in Poland. Legal Newspaper. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/YVZ7z3
Bosch (2020). AI Code of Ethics: Bosch sets principles for working with artificial intelligence. Retrieved from: https://www.bosch.ua/news-and-stories/ai-code-of-ethics/
Brodbeck, L. (2015). Morphological Evolution of Physical Robots Through Model-Free Phenotype Development. PLoS ONE, 10(6), e0128444. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128444
Burov, M. (2019). Who is responsible for AI errors?. Lawyer and Law, 17. Retrieved from: https://uz.ligazakon.ua/ua/magazine_article/EA012676
Coeckelbergh, M. (2010). Robot rights? Towards a social-relational justification of moral consideration. Ethics and Information Technology, 12(3), 209-221. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/itcKon
Committee of Ministers (2001). Recommendation Rec (2001)3 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the delivery of court and other legal services to the citizen through the use of new technologies. Retrieved from: https://rm.coe.int/09000016805e2aa7
Committee of Ministers (2020). Recommendation CM/Rec (2020)1 of the Committee of Ministers to member States on the human rights impacts of algorithmic systems, adopted at the 1373rd meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies. Retrieved from: https://rm.coe.int/09000016809e1154
Congress (2017). H.R.4625 – FUTURE of Artificial Intelligence Act of 2017. Retrieved from: https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4625/text
Council of Europe (1950). Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, as amended by Protocols No. 11 and 14. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/VMLi2R
Efremov, Yu. M. (2008). Artificial intelligence, history and prospects of development. Bulletin of ZhDTU, 2(45), 123-127. Retrieved from: http://vtn.ztu.edu.ua/article/view/81625
European Commission (2021). Coordinated Plan on Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved from: https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/plan-ai
European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice (2018). European Ethical Charter on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Judicial Systems and their environment, adopted at the 31st plenary meeting of the CEPEJ, 03 – 04 December 2018. Retrieved from: https://rm.coe.int/ethical-charter-en-for-publication-4-december-2018/16808f699c
European Parliament (2017). European Parliament resolution of 16 February 2017 with recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics (2015/2103(INL)). Official Journal of the European Union C 252/239. Retrieved from: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-8-2017-0051_EN.html
Federal Ministry of Justice (1949). Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany. Retrieved from: https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/
Gardner, A. V. D. L. (1987). An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Legal Reasoning. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/OOpDTT
Herweijer, C., & Waughray, D. (2018). The fourth industrial revolution for the benefit of the Earth Using the possibilities of artificial intelligence for the benefit of the Earth. PWC. Retrieved from: https://www.pwc.com/ua/uk/survey/2018/ai-for-the-earth-jan-2018.pdf
Horbenko, C.C., & Meleshkevych, L.M. (2016). Artificial intelligence as a technology for creating automated intelligent systems. Retrieved from: https://er.knutd.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/5044/1/20160428-29_TEZY_V3_P349.pdf
Horodyskyi, I. (2017). Trends in the development of legal regulation of artificial intelligence in the European Union”. In the collection: Problems and development prospects in Ukraine of the IT Law conference. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/mLYwRV
Kulinich, O. (2011). Peculiarities of using photographic works depicting natural persons after their death. University Scientific Notes, 4(40), pp.103 – 108. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/u1kauh
Law No. 254k/96-VR.Constitution of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, June 28, 1996. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text.
Law of Ukraine No. 2747-IV2005.Code of Administrative Proceedings of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, July 06, 2005. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2747-15#Text
Machuskyy, V. (2020). Artificial Intellegence and Law. Business Law Electronic Resource. Retreived from: https://www.businesslaw.org.ua/artificial-intelligence-and-law/
Markoff, J. (2016). Machines of Loving Grace: The Quest for Common Ground Between Humans and Robots. NY: HarperCollins Publishers. https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/2994165
OCDE (2014). Memorandum of understanding between the Government of Ukraine and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development regarding the deepening of cooperation No. 966_003. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, October 07, 2014. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/7DJjMm
OECD (2019). Recommendation of the Council on Artificial Intelligence. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/88MlCu
Pelcher, M. (2018). Advantages and disadvantages of using artificial intelligence in management. Ternopil National Technical University named after Ivan Pulyu Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/ppUt4L
Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1556-r. On the approval of the Concept of the development of artificial intelligence in Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, December 02, 2020. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1556-2020-%D1%80#Text
Schmidt, E., & Cohen, J. (2014). The New Digital Age: Transforming Nations, Businesses and Our Lives. New-York: Vintage; Reprint edition. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/1xVXLo
Slingo, J. (2020). IBA 2020: Robots don black cap for lower court judges. The Law Society Gazette. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/qAni7k
Telychko, O., Rekun, V., & Chabanenko, Yu. (2020). Problems of definition and normative consolidation of the concept of "artificial intelligence" in the legislation of foreign countries and Ukraine. Juridical scientific and electronic journal, 2, 310-313. Retrieved from: https://acortar.link/vdyzBZ
Varenko, V.M. (2013). Information and analytical activity: study guide. Kyiv. University “Ukraine”. Retrieved from: http://megalib.com.ua/content/1956_71_Ponyattya_shtychnogo_intelekty.html
Wehner, M. (2021). China has developed a computer that beats humans at IQ tests. H/T Technology Review. Retrieved from: https://www.dailydot.com/debug/china-iq-computer/
Zuiderveen Borgesius, F. G. (2020). Strengthening legal protection against discrimination by algorithms and artificial intelligence. The International Journal of Human Rights, 24(10), 1572-1593. https://doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2020.1743976
Published
2023-08-30
How to Cite
Prokhazka, H., & Melnyk, O. (2023). Implementation of AI in international law and administrative law (in the context of human rights protection). Amazonia Investiga, 12(67), 66–77. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.67.07.6
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