Archaic archetypes and symbols of the Ukrainian and Russian peoples: to debunk the myth of a single people
Keywords:
archetypes, ethnо-mentality, field, semiosphere, symbol.
Abstract
The article models the protocultural fields of the archetypal-mythological memory of Ukrainians and Russians as consisting of divergent elements. The core of the fields are archaic cultural archetypes and archetypal motifs “mother”, “field”, “plowman”, “labor”, “individualism”, and “equality” for Ukrainians, and “father”, “distance”, “vastness”, “inertia”, “collectivism”, and “submission” for Russians. The сore archetypes determine the differences in the ethnic mentality of two peoples and can enter the subsequent semiospheres and political mythology without significant adaptation, transforming into symbols of national identity. The periphery is formed by archetypes common, but re-articulated in subsequent semiospheres to be adapted to national narratives of different periods. The general archetype Sacred space was associated in the archaic consciousness of Ukrainians with the “House”, symbolizing the maternal principle and the Motherland, while the Russians embodied this archetype in the symbols of the Holy Mountain, metonymically expanded to the symbols of “Holy Rus”, Heartland, Rimland, defining the motif of messianism in symbolic politics of Russia. The archetype of the Hero is manifested in Ukrainian folklore by the images of the legendary plowmen, who conquer the steppe elements from the nomads, while in the Russian ethnic consciousness it is interpreted as the Messiah-Savior of the world.
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References
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Langlois, J. L. (1985). Folklore and semiotics: an introduction. Journal of Folklore Research: Folklore and Semiotics, 22(2/3), 77–83. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3814386
Lemish, N., Matvieieva, S., Orlova, Yu., & Kononets, Ju. (2022). Culture vs Stereotypical Thinking vs Language Facts. Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 25, 1, 64–86. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2022.25.1.64
Lotman, Yu. (1992). Symbol in the system of culture. Selected articles. T. I. Tallin: Aleksandra, 191–199. URL: http://www.philology.ru/literature1/lotman-92e.htm
Lotman, Yu. (1977). The Structure of the Artistic Text. MI: University of Michigan. URL: https://monoskop.org/images/3/3e/Lotman_Jurij_The_Structure_of_the_Artistic_Text_1977.pdf
Lotman, Yu., Clark, W. (2005). On the semiosphere. Sign Systems Studies, 33, 1, 205–229. Doi: https://doi.org/10.12697/SSS.2005.33.1.09
Magic fairy tales (2022). Website. URL: http://kazkar.info/ua/char_vn_kazki. [In Ukranian]
Martirosyan, A. Zh., & Gyurjinyan, A. S. (2017). Linguo-semiotic analysis from the point of mythological Universals (based on Armenian and English fairy tales). MSLU Bulletin. Humanities, 8(780), 60–68. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/linguo-semiotic-analysis-from-the-point-of-mythological-universals-based-on-armenian-and-english-fairy-tales/pdf [in Russian]
Mayor, A. (2009). Archetypes and motifs in folklore and literature: a handbook. Journal of American Folklore,122 (2), 237–238. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1353/jaf.0.0078
Medinska, Yu. (2006). Feminine archetypes of the Ukrainian ethnos. Ternopil: TNEU. [In Ukranian]
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Murphy, Т. (2005). From Fairy Tale to Film Screenplay: Working with Plot Genotypes. Palgrave Macmillan. URL: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9781137552037
Naumovska, O. V. (2017). The “Field” as the locus of the afterlife in Ukrainian folk non-fairy-tale prose. Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary studies, linguistics, folklore studies, 27(1), 72–75. URL: https://philology-journal.com/index.php/journal/issue/view/2/27-1-2017-pdf [In Ukranian]
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Orlova, Yu., Lemish, N., Matvieieva, S., Aleksieieva, O., Vainorenie, I., & Safonova, N. (2022). Concept HUMAN AGE as Archetypal and Stereotypical Mental Structure in the Consciousness of Ukrainian, Russian, and English Native Speakers. Studies about Languages. Language studies, 41, 62–80. URL: https://www.kalbos.ktu.lt/index.php/KStud/article/view/31960
Østbø, J. (2016). The New Third Rome: Readings of a Russian Nationalist Myth. Stuttgart: Ibidem-Verlag, Ibidem Press. URL: https://books.google.lt/books?id=5dl1CwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=ru&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
Özkırımlı, U., & Sofos, S. (2008). Tormented by History: Nationalism in Greece and Turkey. New York: Oxford University Press.
Plachynda, S. P. (1993). Dictionary of ancient Ukrainian mythology. Kyiv: Ukrainian writer. URL: http://ukrlife.org/main/minerva/plachinda.htm [In Ukranian]
Plokhyi, S. M. (2011). The Great Redistribution: The unusual story of Mykhai lo Hrushevsky. Kyiv: Criticism. URL: https://www.rulit.me/download-books-648606.html?t=pdf [In Ukranian]
Propp, V. Ya. (1998). The morphology of the fairy tale. The historical roots of the fairy tale. M.: Maze. [in Russian]
Ryan, M.L. (2009). Space. Handbook of Narratology. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 420–433. URL: https://www.academia.edu/80855747/_Narratologia_19_Peter_Huhn_et_al_Handbook_
of_narratology_W_de_Gruyter_2009_
Ryltsev, Ye. V., Kostrov, N. P. (2012). What is going on? URL: https://vestishki.ru/node/5332 [In Russian]
Smith, A. D. (2006). Epilogue: The Power of Ethnic Traditions in the Modern World. Nationalism and Ethnosymbolism: History, Culture and Ethnicity in the Formation of Nations. Edinburgh University Press, 325–336. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46406650_Nationalism_and_Ethnosymbolism_
History_Culture_and_Ethnicity_in_the_Formation_of_Nations
Toporov, V. N. (1995). Holiness and saints in Russian spiritual culture. T. 1. The first century of Christianity in Rus. Moscow: Gnosis. URL: https://imwerden.de/publ-2622.html [In Russian]
Uspensky, B. A. (1998). History and semiotics. Gdansk: Word/Image Territories. [In Russian]
Vaz da Silva, F. (2014). Fairy-tale symbolism. The Cambridge companion to fairy tales. Cambridge University Press, 97–116. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/CCO9781139381062.007
Volkova, S. (2018). Iconicity of syntax and narrative in Amerindian prosaic texts. Lege artis. Language yesterday, today, tomorrow. The Journal of the University of SS Cyril and Methodius in Trnava. Warsaw: De Gruyter Open, III(1), 448–479. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/lart-2018-0012
Vovk, V. N. (2010). Paternalism in the Russian legal mentality. Krasnodar. [In Russian]
Zhaivoronok, V. (2006). Signs of Ukrainian ethnoculture. Dictionary-reference. Kyiv: Trusts. [In Ukranian]
Assmann, J., & Czaplicka, J. (1995). Collective Memory, and Cultural Identity. New German Critique, 65, 125–133. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/488538
Averintsev, S. S. (1970). C.G. Jung’s “Analytical Psychology” and the patterns of creative imagination. Questions of Literature, 3, 113–144. URL: http://krotov.info/library/01_a/ve/rinzev_008.htm [In Russian]
Bauman, R. (1982). Conceptions of folklore in the development of literary semiotics. Semiotica, 39(1–2), 1–20. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/semi.1982.39.1-2.1
Berdyaev, N. A. (2004). The fate of Russia. Moscow: AST. [In Russian]
Bieliekhova, L. I. (2014). Methodology of explicating archetypes embodied in American poetic texts. Cognition, Communication, Discourse, 9, 8–32. Doi: https://doi.org/10.26565/2218-2926-2014-09-01 [In Russian]
Chizhevsky, D. (1992). Essays on the history of philosophy in Ukraine. Кyiv: Oriyas at UCSP Kobza. URL: http://litopys.org.ua/chyph/chyph.htm [In Ukranian]
Hill, J. H. (2005). Finding Culture in Narrative. Finding Culture in Talk. Collection of Methods. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 157–202. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-05871-3_5
Hrytsak, Ya. (2012). Overcoming the past: the global history of Ukraine. Kyiv: Portal. [In Ukranian]
Kravchenko, N. K. (2017). Discourse and Discourse Analysis: a brief encyclopaedia. Kyiv: Interservis. [in Russian]
Kravchenko, N. (2022). Manipulative Argumentation in Anti-Ukrainian Discourse of Russian Politicians: Integration of Discourse-Analytical and Classical Rhetorical Approaches. Cogito. Multidisciplinary Research Journal, XIV, 3, 224–247. URL: https://cogito.ucdc.ro/COGITO_September_2022.pdf
Kravchenko, N. K., Davydova, T. V., & Goltsova, M. G. (2020). A Comparative Study of Fairy Tale and Rap Narratives: Spaces Specificity. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 9(3), 155–167. Doi: https://doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v9i3.2747
Kravchenko, N., Goltsova, M., & Snitsar, V. (2021). Сyclical time in fairy tale and rap lyrics: Points of intersection. Lege artis. Language yesterday, today, tomorrow, VI(1), 75–108. URL: https://lartis.sk/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/KravchenkoGoltsovaSnitsar_Issue-1_2021.pdf
Kravchenko, N., Prokopchuk, M., & Yudenko, O. (2021). Afro-American rap lyrics vs fairy tales: Possible worlds and their mediators. Cogito, 13(1), 146–168. URL: https://cogito.ucdc.ro/cogito_martie_2021.pdf
Kravchenko, N., Snitsar, V., & Blidchenko-Naiko, V. (2020). Paradoxes of rap artists’ role identity: Sage, Magician or Trickster? Cogito. Multidisciplinary Research Journal, XII, 1, 179–195. URL: https://cogito.ucdc.ro/COGITO%2027%20martie%202020.pdf
Krymsky, S. B. (1998). Archetypes of Ukrainian culture. Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 7–8, 74–87. (In Ukranian)
Langlois, J. L. (1985). Folklore and semiotics: an introduction. Journal of Folklore Research: Folklore and Semiotics, 22(2/3), 77–83. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3814386
Lemish, N., Matvieieva, S., Orlova, Yu., & Kononets, Ju. (2022). Culture vs Stereotypical Thinking vs Language Facts. Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 25, 1, 64–86. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2022.25.1.64
Lotman, Yu. (1992). Symbol in the system of culture. Selected articles. T. I. Tallin: Aleksandra, 191–199. URL: http://www.philology.ru/literature1/lotman-92e.htm
Lotman, Yu. (1977). The Structure of the Artistic Text. MI: University of Michigan. URL: https://monoskop.org/images/3/3e/Lotman_Jurij_The_Structure_of_the_Artistic_Text_1977.pdf
Lotman, Yu., Clark, W. (2005). On the semiosphere. Sign Systems Studies, 33, 1, 205–229. Doi: https://doi.org/10.12697/SSS.2005.33.1.09
Magic fairy tales (2022). Website. URL: http://kazkar.info/ua/char_vn_kazki. [In Ukranian]
Martirosyan, A. Zh., & Gyurjinyan, A. S. (2017). Linguo-semiotic analysis from the point of mythological Universals (based on Armenian and English fairy tales). MSLU Bulletin. Humanities, 8(780), 60–68. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/linguo-semiotic-analysis-from-the-point-of-mythological-universals-based-on-armenian-and-english-fairy-tales/pdf [in Russian]
Mayor, A. (2009). Archetypes and motifs in folklore and literature: a handbook. Journal of American Folklore,122 (2), 237–238. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1353/jaf.0.0078
Medinska, Yu. (2006). Feminine archetypes of the Ukrainian ethnos. Ternopil: TNEU. [In Ukranian]
Mishchenko, M. M. (2014). Ukrainian national archetypes: from collective unconscious towards national identity (regarding the relevance of the archetypal analysis methodology). Bulletin of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 1130 (51), 90–94. URL: http://philosophy.karazin.ua/ua/kafedra/staff_tpf/visnyk/visnyk_1130.pdf#page=90 [In Ukranian]
Murphy, Т. (2005). From Fairy Tale to Film Screenplay: Working with Plot Genotypes. Palgrave Macmillan. URL: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9781137552037
Naumovska, O. V. (2017). The “Field” as the locus of the afterlife in Ukrainian folk non-fairy-tale prose. Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary studies, linguistics, folklore studies, 27(1), 72–75. URL: https://philology-journal.com/index.php/journal/issue/view/2/27-1-2017-pdf [In Ukranian]
Novichkova, T.A. (2001). Epic and myth. Sankt-Peterburg: Nauka. URL: http://lib2.pushkinskijdom.ru/novichkova-2001-pdf [in Russian]
Orlova, Yu., Lemish, N., Matvieieva, S., Aleksieieva, O., Vainorenie, I., & Safonova, N. (2022). Concept HUMAN AGE as Archetypal and Stereotypical Mental Structure in the Consciousness of Ukrainian, Russian, and English Native Speakers. Studies about Languages. Language studies, 41, 62–80. URL: https://www.kalbos.ktu.lt/index.php/KStud/article/view/31960
Østbø, J. (2016). The New Third Rome: Readings of a Russian Nationalist Myth. Stuttgart: Ibidem-Verlag, Ibidem Press. URL: https://books.google.lt/books?id=5dl1CwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=ru&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
Özkırımlı, U., & Sofos, S. (2008). Tormented by History: Nationalism in Greece and Turkey. New York: Oxford University Press.
Plachynda, S. P. (1993). Dictionary of ancient Ukrainian mythology. Kyiv: Ukrainian writer. URL: http://ukrlife.org/main/minerva/plachinda.htm [In Ukranian]
Plokhyi, S. M. (2011). The Great Redistribution: The unusual story of Mykhai lo Hrushevsky. Kyiv: Criticism. URL: https://www.rulit.me/download-books-648606.html?t=pdf [In Ukranian]
Propp, V. Ya. (1998). The morphology of the fairy tale. The historical roots of the fairy tale. M.: Maze. [in Russian]
Ryan, M.L. (2009). Space. Handbook of Narratology. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 420–433. URL: https://www.academia.edu/80855747/_Narratologia_19_Peter_Huhn_et_al_Handbook_
of_narratology_W_de_Gruyter_2009_
Ryltsev, Ye. V., Kostrov, N. P. (2012). What is going on? URL: https://vestishki.ru/node/5332 [In Russian]
Smith, A. D. (2006). Epilogue: The Power of Ethnic Traditions in the Modern World. Nationalism and Ethnosymbolism: History, Culture and Ethnicity in the Formation of Nations. Edinburgh University Press, 325–336. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46406650_Nationalism_and_Ethnosymbolism_
History_Culture_and_Ethnicity_in_the_Formation_of_Nations
Toporov, V. N. (1995). Holiness and saints in Russian spiritual culture. T. 1. The first century of Christianity in Rus. Moscow: Gnosis. URL: https://imwerden.de/publ-2622.html [In Russian]
Uspensky, B. A. (1998). History and semiotics. Gdansk: Word/Image Territories. [In Russian]
Vaz da Silva, F. (2014). Fairy-tale symbolism. The Cambridge companion to fairy tales. Cambridge University Press, 97–116. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/CCO9781139381062.007
Volkova, S. (2018). Iconicity of syntax and narrative in Amerindian prosaic texts. Lege artis. Language yesterday, today, tomorrow. The Journal of the University of SS Cyril and Methodius in Trnava. Warsaw: De Gruyter Open, III(1), 448–479. Doi: https://doi.org/10.2478/lart-2018-0012
Vovk, V. N. (2010). Paternalism in the Russian legal mentality. Krasnodar. [In Russian]
Zhaivoronok, V. (2006). Signs of Ukrainian ethnoculture. Dictionary-reference. Kyiv: Trusts. [In Ukranian]
Published
2022-12-15
How to Cite
Binbin, S., Kravchenko, N., & Matvieieva, S. (2022). Archaic archetypes and symbols of the Ukrainian and Russian peoples: to debunk the myth of a single people. Amazonia Investiga, 11(59), 184-193. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2022.59.11.17
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