The strange case of Fyodor Dostoevsky and Robert Stevenson in the Victorian Age: A protest against the depersonalization
Keywords:
anthropocentric, Dostoevsky, moral choice, self-determination, spiritual tradition, Stevenson, Victorian age.
Abstract
In the article, the authors touch upon the problem of moral choice in the works of Dostoevsky and Stevenson. Comparative analysis showed that Dostoevsky's character strives more towards the ideal of all-humanity and to the deeds within the framework of Christian orthodoxy. In “The Double” Golyadkin who was rooted in the tradition of folk perception of the world, tries to preserve his moral look and attempts to reach a new level of self-determination. Stevenson created his own artistic version of the fate of the dual hero. The successful Dr. Henry Jekyll himself gave birth to Mr. Hyde to enjoy the fullness of sinful temptations, but life did not succumb to the presumptuous correction. The moral choice of the heroes of Dostoevsky and Stevenson, due to various reasons, to reach the heights of success and sink to the very bottom, testifies to the futility of claims to spiritual emasculation of a person and depersonalization in the bureaucratic world.
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References
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Maxwell, A. (2015). “The beast within”: Degeneration in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and three Australian short stories. Australian Literature Studies, 30(3). DOI: 10.20314/als.9b5e7da01f
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Crystal, E. (2018). Hyde the hero: Changing the role of the modern-day monster. University of Toronto Quarterly, 87(1), 234–248. DOI: 10.3138/utq.87.1.234
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Wang, W. (2019). “We have nothing to do but wait for him at the bank”: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and the credit economy. Foreign Literature Studies, 5, 96–100. https://caod.oriprobe.com/articles/57573524/
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Braidwood, А. (2012). We're all Henry Jekyll's bairns: Robert Louis Stevenson's enduring influence on Scottish literature. The Bottle Imp, 12, 1–3. https://www.thebottleimp.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/TBI2012-Issue-12-Robert-Louis-Stevensons-Enduring-Influence-on-Scottish-Literature-Alistair-Braidwood.pdf
Colman, A. (2015). The optative movement of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde’s addicts. Extrapolation, 56(2), 215–234. DOI: 10.3828/extr.2015.12
Dury, R. (2006). Crossing the bounds of single identity: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and a paper in a French Scientific Journal. In: R. Ambrosini, R. Dury (Eds.), Robert Louis Stevenson: Writer of Boundaries, (pp. 237–251). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Davis, M. (2006). Incongruous compounds: Re-reading Jekyll and Hyde and Late-Victorian psychology. Journal of Victorian Culture, 11, 207–225. DOI: 10.3366/jvc.2006.11.2.207
Dorofeyeva, L.G. (2015). The spiritual nature of the conflict in the short novel called “The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde” by R.L. Stevenson. Bulletin of Novgorod State University, 84, 27–31. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/duhovnaya-priroda-konflikta-v-povesti-r-l-stivensona-strannaya-istoriya-doktora-dzhekila-i-mistera-hayda
Dostoevsky, F.M. (1990). Double. Petersburg poem. In: V.G. Bazanov G.M. Friedlender (Eds.), Dostoevsky, F.M. Complete Collected Works in 30 Volumes. T. 1, (pp. 209–229). Leningrad: Nauka. http://russian-literature.org/author/Dostoyevsky http://russian-literature.org/tom/409172
Efremov, V.S. (2006). Dostoevsky: Psychiatry and Literature. Saint Petersburg: Dialekt. https://fedordostoevsky.ru/pdf/efremov_2006.pdf
Frank, C.O. (2010). Privacy, character, and the jurisdiction of the self: A “Story of the Door” in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. English Language Notes, 48(2), 215–224. DOI: 10.1215/00138282-48.2.215
Gangnes, M.B. (2017). Hysterical reality: Weimar Germany and the Victorian Gothic in Mattotti and Kramsky’s Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics, 8(6), 510–520. DOI: 10.1080/21504857.2017.1383281
Ganz, M.J. (2015). Carrying on like a madman: Insanity and responsibility in “Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde”. Nineteenth-Century Literature, 70(3), 363–397. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2716516
Gay, J. (2018). The island in R.L. Stevenson’s The Beach of Falesa: Confluence(s) as subversion. Cahiers Victoriens and Edouardiens, 87. DOI: 10.4000/cve.3637
Gus, M. (1971). The Ideas and Images of F.M. Dostoevsky. 2nd edn. Мoscow: Khudozhestvennaya Literatura. https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01003183936
Hirsch, G.D. (1988). Frankenstein, detective fiction, and Jekyll and Hyde. In: W. Veeder and G.D. Hirsch (Eds.), Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde after One Hundred Years, (pp. 223–246). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Khanyutin, Y. (2003). The Strange Case of Doctor Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Ruthenia https://ruthenia.ru/horror/poetic/hanutin/strange.htm
Koshechko, A.N. (2019). International Symposium “Anthropology of Dostoevsky (2018). Man as a problem and an object of image in the Dostoevsky’s world”: Theses and abstracts of reports. Sofia: Bulgarian society “F. Dostoevsky”. TSPU Bulletin, 6(203), 122–131. DOI: 10.23951/1609-624X-2019-6-122-131
Lavrov, A. (2003). Stevenson in Russian: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at the turn of the century. Toronto Slavic Quarterly, 3. http://sites.utoronto.ca/tsq/03/lavrov3.shtml
Manfred, C. (2017). “Sore love”: R.L. Stevenson and leprosy on Penrhyn island. Journal of New Zealand and Pacific Studies, 5(1), 27–43. DOI: 10.1386/nzps.5.1.27_1
Manning, P.M. (2018). The Hyde we live in: Stevenson, Evolution, and the Anthropogenic Fog. Victorian Literature and Culture, 46(1), 181–199. DOI: 10.1017/S1060150317000389
Maxwell, A. (2015). “The beast within”: Degeneration in Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and three Australian short stories. Australian Literature Studies, 30(3). DOI: 10.20314/als.9b5e7da01f
Maykov, V.N. (1982). Something about Russian literature in 1846. In: V.K. Kantor, A.L. Ospovat (Eds.), Russian Aesthetics and Criticism of the 40-50s of the XIX Century, (pp. 81–105). Мoscow: Iskusstvo. https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01001113524
Mitchell, E.W. (2004). Culpability for inducing mental states: The insanity defense of Dr. Jekyll. Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 32(1), 63–69.
Crystal, E. (2018). Hyde the hero: Changing the role of the modern-day monster. University of Toronto Quarterly, 87(1), 234–248. DOI: 10.3138/utq.87.1.234
Olsen, T.B. (2016). Robert Louis Stevenson’s evolutionary Wordsworth. Victorian Literature and Culture, 44(4), 887–906. DOI: 10.1017/S1060150316000267
Osipov, N.E. (2012). “The Double. Petersburg poem” by F.M. Dostoevsky (psychiatrist's notes). Izhevsk: Ergo. https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01005513062
Romanova T., & Neliubina, T. (2014). “Jekyll” and “Hyde” as archetypal characters of contemporary Scottish prose. Problems of Romance and Germanic Philology, Pedagogy and Methods of Teaching Foreign Languages, 10, 120–125. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23331500
Seixas-Fernandes, F. (2010). Stevenson's moral philosophy in “Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde”. In: J.C. Miguel (Ed.), Conference: VIII Semana de Humanidades UFC/UECE e do 1o Encontro de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Humanidades, Fortaleza, Brazil. Vol. 1 (article 7526). Fortaleza: Universidade Federal do Ceará. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1439.7526
Shubh, S.M., & Chakrabarti, S. (2008). A study in dualism: The strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 50(3), 221–223. DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.43624
Stevenson, R.L. (1993). The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. In: M. Urnov (Ed.), Robert Lewis Stevenson. Collection: in 5 Volumes. Vol. 2, (pp. 507–572). Мoscow: TERRA. https://www.ozon.ru/context/detail/id/6087158/
Tolstenko, A., Baltovskij, L., & Radikov, I. (2019). Chance of civic education in Russia. Sage Open, 9(3), 1–16. DOI: 10.1177/2158244019859684
Tropp, M. (1991). Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, Schopenhauer, and the power of the will. The Midwest Quarterly, 32, 141–55.
Urnov, M. (1993). Robert Lewis Stevenson (Life and work). In: M. Urnov (Ed.), Robert Lewis Stevenson. Collection: in 5 Volumes. Vol. 1, (pp. 3–50). Мoscow: TERRA. https://www.ozon.ru/context/detail/id/6087158/
Veitch, S. (2012). Binding precedent: Robert Louis Stevenson's Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. In: M. Wan (Ed.), Reading The Legal Case: Crosscurrents Between Law and The Humanities, (pp. 217–230). New York: Routledge.
Vyas, R.A., & Desai, S.P. (2015). Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde – was Robert Louis Stevenson inspired by Horace Wells? Journal of Anesthesia History, 1(1), 18–24. DOI: 10.1016/j.janh.2014.11.008
Wang, W. (2019). “We have nothing to do but wait for him at the bank”: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and the credit economy. Foreign Literature Studies, 5, 96–100. https://caod.oriprobe.com/articles/57573524/
_we_have_nothing_to_do_but_wait_for_him_at_the_ban.htm
Welter, C.M. (2016). A juggernaut in the streets of London: Walking as destructive force in R.L. Stevenson’s “Strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde”. In: K. Benesch, F. Specq, (Eds.), Walking and the Aesthetics of Modernity: Pedestrian Mobility in Literature and The Arts, (pp. 187–196). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-60364-7
Yesaulov, I.A. (2017a). Opposition of law and grace and the main line of Russian literature. In: I.A. Yesaulov, Y.N. Sytina, B.N. Tarasov (Eds.), Russian Classical Literature in Cultural and Historical Context, (pp. 7–36). Мoscow: Indrik. https://www.rfbr.ru/rffi/ru/books/o_2061168#7
Yesaulov, I.A. (2017b). Russian Classics: New Understanding. 3rd edn. Saint Petersburg: RKhGA Publ. http://irhga.ru/2017-08-07-esaulov-i-a-russkaya-klassika/
Young, S. (2012). Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821–1881): ‘Fantastic Realism’. In: M. Bell (Ed.), The Cambridge Companion to European Novelists, (pp. 259–276). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. DOI: 10.1017/CCOL9780521515047.017
Zakharov, V.N. (2013). The Author’s Name Is Dostoevsky. Sketch of Creative Work. Мoscow: Indrik. https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01006571202
Published
2021-06-29
How to Cite
Kondratiev, A., Rudneva, O., & Tolstenko, A. (2021). The strange case of Fyodor Dostoevsky and Robert Stevenson in the Victorian Age: A protest against the depersonalization. Amazonia Investiga, 10(41), 74-84. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.41.05.7
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