Assessing the habitability of single-family houses in Iraq a case study in Sulaimaniya city
Keywords:
Habitability, Habitable area ratio, Iraqi housing, Residential Standardization, Single-family house.
Abstract
A residence strongly influences the lifestyle of its occupants and may be a determining factor for the family's quality of life. To maintain the comfort and well-being of its occupants, each dwelling should be adequate for the household. The dwelling should therefore provide a habitable and comfortable environment. Housing space standards in many countries set the conditions for achieving these objectives and generally regulate the overall sizes of individual rooms in addition to the layouts of dwellings.
This paper seeks to explore the relationship between habitable area ratios and other component area ratios, such as the structure area, the service area, the circulation area and the open space area, in the context of Iraqi single-family houses. Therefore, this study aims to answer two key questions: Is the habitable area ratio among other ratios compatible with Iraqi housing standards? And does it affect the performance of the units? To this end, the paper adopted a methodology for calculating each area ratio in several newly established complexes in Sulaimaniya City and their relationship to the size of different plot areas for assessing the habitability and efficiency of different house plot areas.
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References
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Urban Housing Standards Manual (UHSM) (2010). Republic of Iraq, Ministry of Construction & Housing State, Commission of Housing Studies Section. https://investpromo.gov.iq/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/URBAN-HOUSING-STANDARDS.pdf
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Yakob, H., Yusof, F. & Hamdan H. (2013) Sustainable Urban Housing Development through Planning Mechanism: Issues and Challenges, Asia Pacific Network for Housing Research Conference, Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya Vol: APNHR2013 Proceedings, E-ISBN 978983445034.
Al Khafajy, A. M., Hussain, A. M., & Abood, A. A. (2018). Building performance. Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning, 10(1), 255–277. DOI: 10.36041/iqjap.v10i1.194.
Al-Hafith, O., Satish, B. K., Bradbury, S., & Wilde, P. (2018). A systematic assessment of architectural approaches for solving the housing problem in Iraq. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 7(4), 561-572. DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2018.07.001
Allen, J., Barlow, J., Leal, T., Maloutas, T. & Padovani, L. (2008). Housing and Welfare in Southern Europe. Delhi: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., ISBN: 9781405103077
Al-Qemaqchi, N., & Rauof, T. (2019) Open Space Criteria for Residential Complexes; Evaluation and implementation of urban housing standards. The Scientific Journal of Cihan University- Sulaimanyia, 3(1), 1-12, DOI: 10.25098/3.1.1
Al-Shaibani, A. A., & Popov, A. D. (2019). Analysis of Iraq housing policies as a relationship between design and economy. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/698/3/033002.
AL-Temimi, K., and Al-Saidi, M. (2014), The efficiency of residential units and future prospects in the city of Muqdadiyah. Diyala humanity Research Journal, (62), 161–195.
Chowdhury, I. (1985). Housing and Space Standards: Human Needs and Regional Factors. In R. Powell (Ed.), Regionalism in Architecture. Singapore: Concept Media Pte Ltd. ISBN: 9971845288
ECOM & UN-Habitat (2010), Iraq National Housing Policy, Decentralized Strategies, and Institutional and Regulatory Reforms, April 21, 2010. Retrieved from: https://www.moch.gov.iq/uploads/enseasatalikanalwatanyah.pdf (accessed 12 Jan. 2020).
Femenias, P., & Geromel, F. (2019). Adaptable housing? A quantitative study of contemporary apartment layouts that have been rearranged by end-users. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 35(2), 481–505. DOI: 10.1007/s10901-019-09693-9
Franklin, B. (2006). Housing transformations: shaping the space of twenty-first century living. London: Routledge. ISBN: 9780415336192
Gallent, N., Madeddu, M., & Mace, A. (2010). Internal housing space standards in Italy and England. Progress in Planning, 74(1), 1–52. DOI: 10.1016/j.progress.2010.04.001.
Hooper, A., & Nicol, C. (1999). The design and planning of residential development: standard house types in the speculative housebuilding industry. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 26(6), 793–805. DOI: 10.1068/b260793.
Howden-Chapman, P., Roebbel, N., & Chisholm, E. (2017). Setting Housing Standards to Improve Global Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(12), 1542., DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14121542
Kurdistan Regional Government-Iraq, Investment Board Department of Information and Studies, (2019), List of Licensed Projects in Kurdistan Region Approved by BOI & Governorates DGs. From 2006/08/01 to 2019/07/28. Retrieved from http://www.kurdistaninvestment.org/docs/licensed_projects.pdf (accessed 10 May 2020).
Mahmood, T. (2011). Evaluation of housing of low-income projects in Ramadi city Anbar. Anbar Journal for Engineering Science, 4(2). 125–140. https://www.iasj.net/iasj/download/aa454f5d4bd11b73
Matthew, C. (2009). Design quality in new housing: learning from the Netherlands. New York: Taylor & Francis. ISBN: 9780415447706
Ministry of Housing and Construction (1983), Housing Technical Standards and Codes of Practice\Report two. Retrieved from: https://investpromo.gov.iq/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/URBAN-HOUSING-STANDARDS.pdf. (accessed 1 May 2020).
Park, J. (2017) One Hundred Years of Housing Space Standards. (n.d.). housingspacestandards. Retrieved from: http://housingspacestandards.co.uk/assets/space-standards_onscreen.pdf. (accessed 1 January 2020).
Pedro, J. (2009). How small can a dwelling be? A revision of Portuguese building regulations. Structural Survey, 27(5), 390–410. DOI: 10.1108/02630800911002648.
Rapoport, A. (1991). House form and culture. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Salih, H. M. (2015) Residential Housing Development in Kurdistan Region Government of Iraqi Federal (Unpublished master's thesis), Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi-Malaysia. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/42920893.pdf.
Tabak, V., Vries, B. D., & Dijkstra, J. (2010). Simulation and Validation of Human Movement in Building Spaces. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 37(4), 592–609. DOI: 10.1068/b35127.
Thabit, N. M., Yonis, G. M., & Aldewachi, M. H. (2007). Factors Affecting the Occupation Deviation of Dwelling Units Spaces in New Districts in Mosul. AL-Rafdain Engineering Journal (AREJ), 15(4), 62–79. DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2007.45252.
The Iraqi Central Statistical Origination (ICSO), (2009) Annual Abstract of Statistics 2010-2011, Section 10: Health and Vital statistics, Administrative units and their area as in 2009. Retrieved from: http://www.cosit.gov.iq/AAS/AAS2012/section_10/1.htm (accessed 10 January 2020).
The Iraqi Ministry of Planning (2018) Summary Report of National Development 0Plan 2018 – 2022, Baghdad. Retrieved from: https://www.iraqjccme.jp/pdf/archives/nationaldevelopmentplan2018_2022.pdf. (accessed 21 November 2019).
Towers, G. (2000). Shelter is not enough: transforming multi-storey housing. Bristol: Policy Press. ISBN: 1861341563
UN-Habitat & World Bank/IFC. (2006) Iraq Housing Market Study-Main Report, December 2006, Baghdad. Retrieved from: https://www.humanitarianlibrary.org/sites/default/files/2013/05/4997_65700_IHMS_Main_Report.pdf. (accessed 21 November 2019).
Urban Housing Standards Manual (UHSM) (2010). Republic of Iraq, Ministry of Construction & Housing State, Commission of Housing Studies Section. https://investpromo.gov.iq/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/URBAN-HOUSING-STANDARDS.pdf
World Bank Group, Middle East and North Africa Region (2018), Iraq Economic Monitor from War to Reconstruction and Economic Recovery, Spring 2018. Retrieved from: https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/iraq/publication/iraq-economic-monitor---fall-2019 (accessed 10 January 2020).
Yakob, H., Yusof, F. & Hamdan H. (2013) Sustainable Urban Housing Development through Planning Mechanism: Issues and Challenges, Asia Pacific Network for Housing Research Conference, Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya Vol: APNHR2013 Proceedings, E-ISBN 978983445034.
Published
2021-08-31
How to Cite
Al-Qemaqchi, N. T., & Rauof, T. A. (2021). Assessing the habitability of single-family houses in Iraq a case study in Sulaimaniya city. Amazonia Investiga, 10(43), 175-188. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.43.07.18
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