Asian financial development: the rise of a new financial system

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.37.01.16

Keywords:

Asia, global financial system, international financial institutions, fundamental flaws.

Abstract

Today, the global financial system is inefficient in bridging the gap between the developed and developing countries. The dynamically developing countries, such as Asian states, are not satisfied with modern international financial institutions and are actively involved in regional integration, creating new international financial institutions. The newly formed financial institutions contribute to the formation of a different system of financial relations in Asia, which, in turn, is being transformed into the Asian financial system. These trends cannot avoid the impact of the global imbalances. The object of the article is to prove the efficiency of the Asian financial institutions in fighting global imbalances in the region. The major task of these institutions is not the substitution of the current global mechanisms, but their assistance and helping them in solving the global problems on the regional level. The major results include the proof that the developing economies in Asia are more consolidated and capable of conducting a single economic strategy in the long run and the proof of the higher efficiency of Asian financial institutions and their single geo-economic strategy in the long run; this suggests that a new Asian financial system is being built.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Elnur T. Mekhdiev, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

Research fellow, Center for Analysis, Risk Management and Internal Control in Digital Space, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

Zulfiya M. Bikmetova, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia.

Assistant professor. Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia.

Elvira N. Iamalova, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia.

Professor. Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia.

Oksana N. Ignatieva, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia.

Assistant professor. Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia.

Aygul F. Samigullina, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia.

Assistant professor. Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia.

References

Agarwal, P. (2018). Washington Consensus. Intelligent Economist. Retrieved from https://www.intelligenteconomist.com/washington-consensus/

AIIB. (2019). How we’re developing. Retrieved from https://www.aiib.org/en/news-events/annual-report/2018/how-we-are-developing/index.html

AIIB. (2020). Approved Projects. Retrieved from https://www.aiib.org/en/projects/approved/index.html

Basu, K., Sepúlveda, C. P., and Rosenblatt, D. (Eds.). (2019). The state of economics, the state of the world. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Bird, J., Lebrand, M., and Venables, A. J. (2020). The Belt and Road Initiative: Reshaping economic geography in Central Asia? Journal of Development Economics, 144, 102441. doi: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2020.102441

Biswas, R. (2018). Emerging Markets Megatrends. Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-78123-5

Blanchard, O., Romer, D., Spence, M., and Stiglitz, J. E. (Eds.). (2012). In the wake of the crisis: Leading economists reassess economic policy. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.

Buckley, R., & Arner, D. (2011). From Crisis to Crisis: The Global Financial System and Regulatory Failure. International banking and finance law series. Volume 14. Walters Kluwer. Hong Kong.

Bungenberg, M., and Hazarika, A. (2017). The European Union’s trade and investment policy in Asia: New challenges and opportunities in a changing global environment – or: following individual roadmaps. Asia Europe Journal, 15(4), 377–397. doi: 10.1007/s10308-017-0485-2

Campanella, E. (2009). The Triffin Dilemma Again (Economics Discussion Paper No. 2009–46). Retrieved from https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1726749

Chan, M. H. T. (2018). The Belt and Road Initiative – the New Silk Road: A research agenda. Journal of Contemporary East Asia Studies, 7(2), 104–123. doi: 10.1080/24761028.2019.1580407

China Power. (2019). How will the Belt and Road Initiative advance China’s interests? Retrieved from https://chinapower.csis.org/china-belt-and-road-initiative/

Cho, S., and Kurtz, J. (2018). Legalizing the ASEAN Way: Adapting and Reimagining the ASEAN Investment Regime. The American Journal of Comparative Law, 66(2), 233–266. doi: 10.1093/ajcl/avy026

Codeço, R. R. (2018). The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, the New Development Bank and the Internationalisation of the Renminbi (RMB)–The New International Financial Institutions as Part of the Chinese Strategy to Build Up an International Reserve Currency. Contemporary Chinese Political Economy and Strategic Relations, 4(3), 821–868.

Crunchbase. (2020). New Development Bank. Retrieved from https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/new-development-bank#section-overview

Davidson, P. (2004). The future of the international financial system. Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, 26(4), 591–605.

EBRD. (2020). Investment of Choice. Retrieved from https://www.ebrd.com/investment-of-choice.pdf

Engen, L., and Prizzon, A. (2018). A guide to multilateral development banks. odi.org. Retrieved from https://cisp.cachefly.net/assets/articles/attachments/75082_12274.pdf

ESCAP. (2018). Mobilizing finance for sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth. Bangkok: United Nations, ESCAP.

Gabuyev, A. (2015). Taming the dragon. Russia in Global Affairs, (1). Russia in Global Affairs. Retrieved from https://eng.globalaffairs.ru/articles/taming-the-dragon/

Guliev, I., Kamalov, R., Rassolova, I., and Arzhaev, F. (2019). The role of AIIB and NDB in the development of the Asian finance. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 332, 23–26. doi: 10.2991/iccesd-19.2019.6

Guttal, S. (2005). The Asian Development Bank: A Problem Institution. Focus on Global South, 9. Retrieved from https://base.socioeco.org/docs/doc-7212_en.pdf

Howe, B. M., and Park, M. J. (2017). The evolution of the “ASEAN Way”: Embracing human security perspectives. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 16(1), 1–15.

Hubner, K., Balik, T., and Deman, A.-S. (2016). CETA: the making of the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement between Canada and the EU. Retrieved from http://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/notes_ifri_ceta_0.pdf

Ikenberry, G. J., Mastanduno, M., and Wohlforth, W. C. (2009). Unipolarity, State Behavior, and Systemic Consequences. World Politics, 61(1), 1–27. doi: 10.1017/S004388710900001X

IMF. (2019). IMF Financial Activities List. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/createX/createx.aspx?series=fa

IMF. (2020). SDR Valuation. Retrieved from https://www.imf.org/external/np/fin/data/rms_sdrv.aspx

Jakupec, V., and Kelly, M. (2015). The relevance of Asian development bank: Existing in the shadow of the Asian infrastructure investment bank. Journal of Regional Socio-Economic Issues, 5(3), 31–46.

James, P., and Patomäki, H. (Eds.). (2007). Globalization and economy (vol. 2: Globalising finance and the new Europe). Los Angeles; London: SAGE.

J?drzejowska, K. (2020). From Global to Regional Financial Governance? The Case of Asia-Pacific. In M. Rewizorski, K. J?drzejowska, and A. Wróbel (Eds.), The Future of Global Economic Governance: Challenges and Prospects in the Age of Uncertainty (pp. 103–118). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Jones, E., & Knaack, P. (2019). Global Financial Regulation: Shortcomings and Reform Options. Global Policy 10(2), 1-14.

L 11/23. Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada and the European Union and its Member States, Official Journal of the European Union, 14 de enero de 2017

Lee, R. (2019). The Top 8 Most Tradable Currencies. Investopedia. Retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/trading/most-tradable-currencies/

Litsareva, E. (2017). Success Factors of Asia-Pacific Fast-Developing Regions’ Technological Innovation Development and Economic Growth. International Journal of Innovation Studies, 1, pp. 72–88. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1440.101006

Merics. (2018). China creates a global infrastructure network: Interactive map of the Belt and Road Initiative. Retrieved from https://www.merics.org/en/bri-tracker/interactive-map

NDB. (2020). Projects. Retrieved from https://www.ndb.int/projects/list-of-all-projects/page/3/

Ngwu, U. I. (2018). News Flow Challenges in the Present World Information Order: A Critical Analysis. Novena Journal of Commuvication, 5, 182–192.

O’Keeffe, AM, A., Pryke, J., and Wurf, H. (2017). Strengthening the Asian Development Bank in 21st century Asia. Lowy Institute for International Policy. Retrieved from: https://www.lowyinstitute.org/publications/strengthening-asian-development-bank-21st-century-asia

Obstfeld, M. (2009). International Finance and Growth in Developing Countries: What Have We Learned? IMF Staff Papers, 56(1), 63–111. doi: 10.1057/imfsp.2008.32

Obstfeld, M., & Rogof, K. (2009). Global Imbalances and the Financial Crisis: Products of Common Causes. Asia and the Global Financial Crisis. Asia Economic Policy Conference, Santa Barbara, CA, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.

Orastean, R. (2016). Financial globalization – global imbalances – global financial crisis. Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Economics, 12(189), 41–44. doi: 10.17721/1728-2667.2016/189-12/7

Ozili, P. K. (2020). Social inclusion and financial inclusion: International evidence. International Journal of Development Issues, 19(2), 169–186. doi: 10.1108/IJDI-07-2019-0122

Prodi, G., and Fardella, E. (2018). The Belt and Road initiative and its impact on Europe (Valdai Papers No. 82). Russia in Global Affairs. Retrieved from https://eng.globalaffairs.ru/articles/the-belt-and-road-initiative-and-its-impact-on-europe/

Ray, A., and Dutta, A. (2014). Information Imbalance: A Case Study of Print Media in India. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(7). Retrieved from http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0714/ijsrp-p3198.pdf

Reuters. (2016). Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to set up bank—Xinhua. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/china-sco-banks/shanghai-cooperation-organisation-to-set-up-bank-xinhua-idUSL4N1D45XI

Riedel, J. (2011). The Slowing Down of Long-term Growth in Asia: Natural Causes, the Middle-Income Trap, and Politics. School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265944281

RTAs Database. (2020). RTAs currently in force (by year of entry into force), 1948-2020. Retrieved from http://rtais.wto.org/UI/PublicMaintainRTAHome.aspx

Saggu, A., and Anukoonwattaka, W. (2015). China’s ‘New Normal’: Challenges Ahead for Asia-Pacific Trade. Trade Insights, (11). Retrieved from https://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/Trade-Insights-No11.pdf

Schmidt, R. H., and Hryckiewicz, A. (2006). Financial systems—Importance, differences and convergence (No. 4). Frankfurt am Main: Institute for Monetary and Financial Stability (IMFS), Goethe University. Retrieved from: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/97758

Serra, N., and Stiglitz, J. E. (Eds.). (2008). The Washington Consensus reconsidered: Towards a new global governance. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.

Stiglitz, J. E. (2010). The Stiglitz report: Reforming the international monetary and financial systems in the wake of the global crisis. New York: New Press.

Stiglitz, J. E. (2013). The price of inequality. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.

Stiglitz, J. E., and Gurkaynak, R. S. (Eds.). (2015). Taming capital flows: Capital account management in an era of globalization. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.

Sung, D. H., & Uk, H. (2008). U.S. and Japanese Foreign Direct Investment in East Asia: A Comparative Analysis. Policy Studies Journal, 36(3), 385–401. doi: 10.1111/j.1541-0072.2008.00273.x

Taghizadeh-Hesary, F., Phi, N. T. M., Hong, H. H. T., and Chu, V. T. (2019). Does Financial Integration Matter for Financial Development? Evidence from the East Asian and Pacific Region. Journal of Economic Integration, 34(4), 591–618. doi: 10.11130/jei.2019.34.4.591

Taleb, N. N. (2010). The black swan: The impact of the highly improbable. New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks.

Timmis, H. (2018). The Global Financial System and Developing Countries. Brighton, UK: Institute of Development Studies.

Veselovsky, M. Ya., Izmailova, M. A., Krasyukova, N. L., Bitkina, I. V., and Gladyshev, A. G. (2017). The effects of financial sector on development of Russian regions under current conditions. Revista Espacios, 38(33), 10.

Vinokurov, E., Efimov, A., and Levenkov, A. (2019). The Eurasian Fund for Stabilization and Development: A Regional Financing Arrangement and Its Place in the Global Financial Safety Net (EFSD Working Paper No. WP/19/1). Eurasian Fund for Stabilization and Development. Retrieved from https://efsd.eabr.org/en/research/working-papers/

World Bank. (2019). Global Financial Development Report 2019/2020: Bank Regulation and Supervision a Decade after the Global Financial Crisis. The World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648-1447-1

World Bank. (2019). Global Financial Development. Retrieved from https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/dataset/global-financial-development

World Bank. (2020). What We Do. Retrieved from https://www.worldbank.org/en/about/what-we-do

Xu, J., Ren, X., and Wu, X. (2019). Mapping Development Finance Institutions Worldwide: Definitions, Rationales, and Varieties (NSE Development Financing Research Report No. 1). Beijing: Institute of New Structural Economics at Peking University.

Downloads

Published

2021-03-06

How to Cite

Mekhdiev, E. T., Bikmetova, Z. M., Iamalova, E. N., Ignatieva, O. N., & Samigullina, A. F. (2021). Asian financial development: the rise of a new financial system. Amazonia Investiga, 10(37), 155–167. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.37.01.16

Issue

Section

Articles