The Effect of Creatine Supplementation on the CPK Enzyme in Blood Serum and Some Physical Abilities for Wrestlers during the Competition Period.
Keywords:
Creatine phosphokinase; muscular endurance; power; agility.
Abstract
Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is a binary enzyme that stimulates reverse phosphorylation to regenerate adenosine triphosphate. Creatine supplementation improves the Phosphagen system by increasing the amount of free creatine and phosphocreatine available to replenish adenosine triphosphate. The aims of this study are to investigate the effects of a creatine supplement on CPK enzyme, muscular endurance, power and agility performance compared to a placebo among wrestlers during the competition in a double-blind and randomized manner. Sixteen Wrestlers participated in the current study. They were divided into two groups; Experimental group (EXP) (n = 8) with creatine supplementation and a control group without creatine supplementation (CON) (n = 8). They were tested before (PRE) and after (POST) 8-week creatine supplementation period for CPK enzyme, muscular endurance [i.e. back-throw skill using the wrestling dummy], power [i.e. skill of the bridge], and agility [i.e. skill of the bridge in 10 sec.]. The results have shown statistically significant effects of the time (i.e. pre- to post-training) for all measured variables (p ≤ 0.05) of EXP group (whereas no significant effects (p ˃ 0.05) of CON group. There were statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) at the POST evaluation of EXP group in comparison with CON group for all study variables.
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References
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Oliver, J. M., Jagim, A. R., Pischel, I., Jäger, R., Purpura, M., Sanchez, A., Kelly, K. (2014). Effects of short-term ingestion of Russian Tarragon prior to creatine monohydrate supplementation on whole body and muscle creatine retention and anaerobic sprint capacity: a preliminary investigation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 11(1), 6.
Özer, Ö. (2019). Investigation of the Effect of Acute Muscular Fatigue on Static and Dynamic Balance Performances in Elite Wrestlers. Journal of Education and Learning, 8(5), 179-184.
Rafiq, S. H. (2016). Effect of using creatine phosphate loading in the development of CPK enzyme and achievement of 200 m running”, Faculty of Education and Humanities. Department of Basic Physical Education. Journal of Physical Education Sciences. 9(1), 219-235.
Rawson, E. S., Gunn, B. & Clarkson, P.M (2001). The Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15(2), 178–184
Refaat, O. H., Abdel Fattah, A. A., Shehata, A. H. (1999). Creatine supply between reality and caveats - a reference study. International Scientific Conference (physical education and sports between theory and practice), 2. Cairo.
Sabry, E. (2006). Effect of Creatine Supply on Some Physiological Functions of Kidneys and Body Mass Index in Gladiators. Higher Institute of Public Health. 36(3), 829-842.
Sabry, E. M. (2000). Effect of a training program to reduce the concentration of lactic acid in the blood on some physiological variables and the effectiveness of the skill performance of the wrestlers. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Tanta University, Faculty of Physical Education, Egipto.
Salama, B. I. (1999). The vital representation of energy in the sports field. Cairo: Dar Al Fikr.
Shehata, A.H. (2000). Creatine Supply and Dreams of Short-distance Runners. Regional Development Center Bulletin Athletics. 2.
Shuaib, J. M. (2015). Effect of Regular Doses of Creatine as a Function of CPK Enzyme in Developing Some Special Physical Capabilities of Romanian Advanced Wrestlers. Karbala Journal of Physical Education Sciences, 2 (3), 261-279
Tatlici, A., Çakmakçi, E., Yilmaz, S., & Arslan, F. (2018). Comparison of visual reaction values of elite deaf wrestlers and elite normally hearing wrestlers. Journal of Turkish Sport and Exercise, 20(2), 63–33.
Yonca, S. S., Engin, Ç. B., Serdar, Y. A., Mustafa, K., Yüksel, S. (2017). The Effects of Unit Exercises on the Hand Grip Strength of Arm Wrestlers. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 5(6), 196-201.
Yüksel, O., Gündüz, B, Kayhan, M. (2019). Effect of CrossFit Training on Jump and Strength. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 7(1), 121-124.
Barroso, B. G., da Silva, J. M., Garcia, A. D., Ramos, N. C. D. O., Martinelli, M. O., Resende, V. R., & Santili, C. (2011). Musculoskeletal injuries in wrestling athletes. Acta Ortop Bras, 19, 98–101.
Benzi, G. (2002). Is there a relation for the use of Creatine either as nutritional supplementation or as drug administration in human participants in sports? Italy: University of Pavia.
Brudnak, M. A. (2004). Are the benefits worth the risk? Toxicology Letters. 15(1), 123-130.
Çakmakçi, E., Tatlici, A., & Yirmibeş, B. (2018). Comparison of Some Performance Parameters of Physically Active Mentally Retarded and Inactive Mentally Retarded Individuals. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science. 4 (12), 49-57
Chaabene, H., Negra, Y., Bouguezzi, R., Mkaouer, B., Franchini, E., Julio, U., & Hachana, Y. (2017). Physical and physiological attributes of wrestlers: an update. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(5), 1411–1442.
Crisafulli, D. L., Buddhadev, H. H., Brilla, L. R., Chalmers, G. R., Suprak, D. N., & San Juan, J. G. (2018). Creatine-electrolyte supplementation improves repeated sprint cycling performance: A double blind randomized control study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 15(1), 21.
Greenhaff, P. L. (1998). The nutritional biochemistry of creatine. University Medical School. United Kingdom: Queen is UH
Haslett, C. (2004). Principles and Practice of Medicine. 19 TH Ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone.
Howard, T. M., Butcher, J. D. (2006). The little black book of sports medicine. Sudbury, Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Hummer, E., Suprak, D. N., Buddhadev, H. H., Brilla, L., & San Juan, J. G. (2019). Creatine electrolyte supplement improves anaerobic power and strength: a randomized double-blind control study. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 16(1), 24.
Ivanova, N.L., Korostelev, A.A (2019). The impact of competitive approach on students’ motivation in sport. Revista Amazonia Investiga. 8(18). 483-490. https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/362
Kondakov, V. L., Kopeikina, E.N., Nikulina, D.E., Voloshina, L.N., Balysheva, N.V. (2018). The orientation on the student’s identity and its influence on size and nature of physical activity. Revista Amazonia Investiga, 7(13). 58-64. https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/494
Mohammed, S. Y. (2016). The Effect of Proposed Exercises for Developing Special Speed in Some Physical and Functional Capabilities and Enzyme (CPK) in Blood for Young Players Handball. Journal of Physical Education Sciences. 9(6).
Murphy, A.J., Watsford1. M.L., Coutts1, A.J. Richards, D.A.B. (2005). Effects of creatine supplementation on aerobic power and cardiovascular structure and function, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 8 (3), 305–313
Nasseri, A., & Jafari, A. (2016). Effects of creatine supplementation along with resistance training on urinary formaldehyde and serum enzymes in wrestlers. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 56(4), 458-464
Oliver, J. M., Jagim, A. R., Pischel, I., Jäger, R., Purpura, M., Sanchez, A., Kelly, K. (2014). Effects of short-term ingestion of Russian Tarragon prior to creatine monohydrate supplementation on whole body and muscle creatine retention and anaerobic sprint capacity: a preliminary investigation. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 11(1), 6.
Özer, Ö. (2019). Investigation of the Effect of Acute Muscular Fatigue on Static and Dynamic Balance Performances in Elite Wrestlers. Journal of Education and Learning, 8(5), 179-184.
Rafiq, S. H. (2016). Effect of using creatine phosphate loading in the development of CPK enzyme and achievement of 200 m running”, Faculty of Education and Humanities. Department of Basic Physical Education. Journal of Physical Education Sciences. 9(1), 219-235.
Rawson, E. S., Gunn, B. & Clarkson, P.M (2001). The Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15(2), 178–184
Refaat, O. H., Abdel Fattah, A. A., Shehata, A. H. (1999). Creatine supply between reality and caveats - a reference study. International Scientific Conference (physical education and sports between theory and practice), 2. Cairo.
Sabry, E. (2006). Effect of Creatine Supply on Some Physiological Functions of Kidneys and Body Mass Index in Gladiators. Higher Institute of Public Health. 36(3), 829-842.
Sabry, E. M. (2000). Effect of a training program to reduce the concentration of lactic acid in the blood on some physiological variables and the effectiveness of the skill performance of the wrestlers. (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Tanta University, Faculty of Physical Education, Egipto.
Salama, B. I. (1999). The vital representation of energy in the sports field. Cairo: Dar Al Fikr.
Shehata, A.H. (2000). Creatine Supply and Dreams of Short-distance Runners. Regional Development Center Bulletin Athletics. 2.
Shuaib, J. M. (2015). Effect of Regular Doses of Creatine as a Function of CPK Enzyme in Developing Some Special Physical Capabilities of Romanian Advanced Wrestlers. Karbala Journal of Physical Education Sciences, 2 (3), 261-279
Tatlici, A., Çakmakçi, E., Yilmaz, S., & Arslan, F. (2018). Comparison of visual reaction values of elite deaf wrestlers and elite normally hearing wrestlers. Journal of Turkish Sport and Exercise, 20(2), 63–33.
Yonca, S. S., Engin, Ç. B., Serdar, Y. A., Mustafa, K., Yüksel, S. (2017). The Effects of Unit Exercises on the Hand Grip Strength of Arm Wrestlers. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 5(6), 196-201.
Yüksel, O., Gündüz, B, Kayhan, M. (2019). Effect of CrossFit Training on Jump and Strength. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 7(1), 121-124.
Published
2020-11-23
How to Cite
Mohamed, E., & Tammam, A. (2020). The Effect of Creatine Supplementation on the CPK Enzyme in Blood Serum and Some Physical Abilities for Wrestlers during the Competition Period. Amazonia Investiga, 9(34), 76-84. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2020.34.10.8
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