Published 2023-03-30
Keywords
- social marketing, macro marketing, marketing systems, socially responsible marketing, social stakeholders, digital economy, cultural values.
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2023 Yuriy Robul, Kateryna Lytvynenko, Olga Lytvynenko, Halyna Bokshan, Ihor Popovych

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to determine the relationship between the characteristics of social marketing stakeholders and the degree of development of marketing systems in the digital economy. The results of the study are based on a critical analysis of the tools and processes of functioning of marketing systems in the context of digitalisation, and the changes it causes in marketing systems at basic and extended levels due to specific features inherent in the digital economy. The concept of cultural dimensions by Hofstede (2010) is applied to determine the collective behavioural characteristics of the most numerous stakeholders of social marketing, which are members of society in selected countries. A positive statistically significant correlation between the share of online shoppers against the indulgence index (R=.77) and the individualism index (R=.73) was found. There is a negative statistically significant correlation between the share of online shoppers against uncertainty avoidance (R=-.76), power distance (R=-.67), gender culture type (R=-.27) and long-term orientation (R=-.27). In general, a significant part of the expected impact of uncertainty avoidance is taken over by mechanisms that guarantee the protection of personal data from unauthorised use and security from fraud and crime committed in cyberspace.
Downloads
References
- Ahluwalia, P., & Merhi, M. I. (2020). Understanding Country Level Adoption of E-Commerce: A Theoretical Model Including Technological, Institutional, and Cultural Factors. Journal of Global Information Management (JGIM), 28(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.4018/JGIM.2020010101
- Alderson, W. (1964). A Normative Theory of Marketing Systems. Theory in Marketing (pp. 92-108). Richard D. Irwin. https://www.econbiz.de/Record/a-normative-theory-of-marketing-systems-alderson-wroe/10001813610
- Arbeláez-Campillo, D.F., Rojas-Bahamón, M.J., & Arbeláez-Encarnación, T.F. (2019). Apuntes para el debate de las categorías ciudadanía universal, derechos humanos y globalización // Notes for the debate of the categories universal citizenship, human rights and globalization. Cuestiones Políticas, 34(61), 139-161. Recuperado a partir de https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/cuestiones/article/view/30192
- Baker, W. E., & Sinkula, J. M. (2005). Market Orientation and the New Product Paradox. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 22(6), 483-502. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2005.00145.x
- Bazilenko, A., Barna, N., & Lytvynenko, O. (2019). Psychological factors of students social activity. Social Welfare: Interdisciplinary Approach, 9(2), 56-66. https://doi.org/10.21277/sw.v2i9.500
- de Mooij, M., & Hofstede, G. (2011). Cross-Cultural Consumer Behavior: A Review of Research Findings. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 23(3-4), 181-192. Doi: 10.1080/08961530.2011.578057
- El-Ansary, A. I. (1974). Towards a definition of social and societal marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 2(2), 316-321. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02722334
- Fukuyama, F. (2008). Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. ?S?. https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=ERgURAAACAAJ
- Grönroos, C. (2006). Adopting a service logic for marketing. Marketing Theory, 6(3), 317-333. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470593106066794
- Halian, I. M. (2022). Value contradictions in personal axiogenesis. Insight: the psychological dimensions of society, 7, 11-23. https://doi.org/10.32999/2663-970X/2022-7-2
- Hofstede, G. H., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind (Third edition ed.). McGraw-Hill Professional. https://acortar.link/QcU1yr
- Hulias, I. A., & Hoian, I. M. (2022). Explication of factors of the axiopsychological design of life achievements of modern youth. Insight: the psychological dimensions of society, 7, 41-57. https://doi.org/10.32999/2663-970X/2022-7-4
- Hunt, S. D. (1981). Macromarketing as a Multidimensional Concept. Journal of Macromarketing, 1(1), 7-8. https://doi.org/10.1177/027614678100100103
- Hunt, S. D. (2012). Trust, Personal Moral Codes, and the Resource-Advantage Theory of Competition: Explaining Productivity, Economic Growth, and Wealth Creation. Contemporary Economics, 6(2), 4-19. https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.38
- Hunt, S. D. (2015). On Reforming Marketing. For Marketing Systems and Brand Equity Strategy, Does Marketing Need Reform?: Fresh Perspectives on the Future (1st ed., pp. 77-85). Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9781317472889
- Hunt, S. D., Hass, A., & Manis, K. T. (2021). The five stages of the macromarketing field of study: From raison d’etre to field of significant promise. Journal of Macromarketing, 41(1), 10-24. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146721990987
- Hunt, S. D., & Vitell, S. J. (2006). The General Theory of Marketing Ethics: a Revision and Three Questions. Journal of Macromarketing, 26(2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146706290923
- Kalenchuk, V. O. (2019). Student’s social status as a factor of assessment of the university’s organizational culture. Insight: the psychological dimensions of society, 2, 72-77. https://doi.org/10.32999/2663-970X/2019-2-10
- Kadirov, D. (2018). Towards a Theory of Marketing Systems as the Public Good. Journal of Macromarketing, 38(3), 278-297. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146718767949
- Keller, K. L., & Kotler, P. (2015). Holistic marketing: a broad, integrated perspective to marketing management. Does Marketing Need Reform?: Fresh Perspectives on the Future (pp. 300-306). Routledge. https://acortar.link/jEklT0
- Kotler, P., & Levy, S. J. (1969). Broadening the Concept of Marketing. Journal of Marketing, 33(1), 10-15. https://doi.org/10.2307/1248740
- Kotler, P., & Zaltman, G. (1971). Social Marketing: An Approach to Planned Social Change. Journal of Marketing, 35(7), 3-12. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1249783
- Kotter, J. P. (2012). Leading Change. Harvard Business Review Press. https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/6e5efd05/files/uploaded/Leading%20Change.pdf
- Laczniak, G., & Shultz, C. (2021). Toward a Doctrine of Socially Responsible Marketing (SRM): A Macro and Normative-Ethical Perspective. Journal of Macromarketing, 41(2), 201-231. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146720963682
- Laczniak, G. R., & Murphy, P. E. (2019). The role of normative marketing ethics. Journal of Business Research, 95, 401-407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.07.036
- Layton, R. (2016). Reframing marketing as a social science: A look back at the Special Session in Dublin. Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), 24(3), 241-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2016.08.003
- Layton, R. A. (2007). Marketing Systems – A Core Macromarketing Concept. Journal of Macromarketing, 27(3), 227-242. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146707302836
- Layton, R. A. (2009). On Economic Growth, Marketing Systems, and the Quality of Life. Journal of Macromarketing, 29(4), 349-362. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146709345108
- Luo, X., & Bhattacharya, C. (2006). Corporate social responsibility, customer satisfaction, and market value. Journal of Marketing, 70(4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.70.4.001
- Lytvynenko, K. O. (2020). The societal approach in multicultural management and marketing. Theoretical and methodological bases of social systems management in the conditions of innovative and ecological development: marketing aspects: monograph (pp. 48-59). Odesa: Mechnikov National Medical University of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. http://dspace.onu.edu.ua:8080/handle/123456789/28479
- Mittelstaedt, J. D., Kilbourne, W., & Mittelstaedt, R. A. (2006). Macromarketing as agorology: Macromarketing theory and the study of the agora. Journal of Macromarketing, 26(2), 131-142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146706290921
- Mittelstaedt, J. D., Kilbourne, W. E., Shultz, I., & Clifford J. (2015). Macromarketing approaches to thought development in positive marketing: Two perspectives on a research agenda for positive marketing scholars. Journal of Business Research, 68(12), 2513-2516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.06.038
- Mittelstaedt, J. D., Shultz, C. J., Kilbourne, W. E., & Peterson, M. (2014). Sustainability as Megatrend: Two Schools of Macromarketing Thought. Journal of Macromarketing, 34(3), 253-264. https://doi.org/10.1177/0276146713520551
- Palmatier, R. W., & Steinhoff, L. (2019). Relationship Marketing in the Digital Age. London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315143583
- Pinkovetskaia, I., Arbeláez-Campillo, D., Rojas-Bahamón, M., & Veas Iniesta, D. (2020). Motivation of new entrepreneurs in modern economies. Amazonia Investiga, 9(29), 368-373. https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/1403
- Popovych, I., Arbeláez-Campillo, D. F., Rojas-Bahamón, M. J., Burlakova, I., Kobets, V., & Bokshan, H. (2021a). Time perspective in the professional activity of specialists of economic sphere. Cuestiones Políticas, 39(69), 424–445. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.27
- Popovych, I., Chervinskyi, A., Kazibekova, V., Chervinska, I., & Machynska, N. (2021b). Empirical research of the typology of social expectations of the personality. Amazonia Investiga, 10(43), 112-122. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.43.07.11
- Popovych, I., Zhigarenko, I., Losiyevska, O., Dovbenko, S., Kashyrina, Ye., Shevchenko, R., & Piletska, L. (2020). Research of Achievement Motivation’s Impact on the Career Orientations of Future Managers of Organizations. Revista Inclusiones, 7(SI), 247-263. http://www.revistainclusiones.org/index.php/inclu/article/view/1231
- Robul, Y. (2020). Structure and Constituents of Digital Marketing Systems. Olsztyn Economic Journal, 15(1), 53-62. https://doi.org/10.31648/oej.5398
- Rostow, W. W. (1959). The Stages of Economic Growth. The Economic History Review, 12(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0289.1959.tb01829.x
- Schumpeter, J. A., & Opie, R. (1934). The theory of economic development; an inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. Harvard University Press. https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674879904
- Vargo, S. L., Koskela-Huotari, K., Baron, S., Edvardsson, B., Reynoso, J., & Colurcio, M. (2017). A systems perspective on markets – Toward a research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 79, 260-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.03.011
- Vrublevska, O., Maiovets, E., Sakal, O., Kovalenko, A., Shtogrin, H., & Gebrin-Baydy, L. (2022). The concept of socially ethical marketing: origins and modern principles. Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice, 5(46), 373-386. https://doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.5.46.2022.3873