Effectiveness of administrative and legal mechanisms for the implementation of community police in EU countries: the case of Ukraine
Resumo
The Community Policing model is an approach to public safety that focuses on collaboration between police and the community. This model has been implemented in many EU countries, and the objective of this study is to analyze their experience. The study used the formal-legal method, the comparative-legal method, the content analysis method and statistical observation. As a result of the research carried out, the main tools to introduce the concept of Community Policing in the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Denmark and France were characterized. It was established that these tools aim to engage the public in collaboration, education and instruction of law enforcement personnel, providing guidance and consultation to citizens, as well as analysis and deterrence of criminal activities. Various forms of police interaction with the public in the United Kingdom are examined and the official website of the country's police service is characterized as a good example of an electronic platform for interaction with citizens. The results of the study can be applied by law enforcement agencies to optimize the implementation of the Community Policing concept, taking into account international experience. Future research may highlight the specific forms of, in particular, the Neighborhood Watch Network and the Home Watch Network.
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Referências
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Aston, E. V., O’Neill, M., Hail, Y., & Wooff, A. (2023). Information sharing in community policing in Europe: Building public confidence. European Journal of Criminology, 20(4), 1349-1368. https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708211037902
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Connell, N. M., Miggans, K., & McGloin, J. M. (2008). Can a community policing initiative reduce serious crime? A local evaluation. Police Quarterly, 11(2), 127-150. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611107306276
Davis, R., Henderson, N., & Merrick, C. (2003). Community policing: Variations on the western model in the developing world. Police Practice and Research, 4(3), 285-300. https://doi.org/10.1080/1561426032000113870
de Maillard, J., & Terpstra, J. (2021). Community policing in comparative perspective. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264079.013.615
Didyk, N. I., & Kostovska, K. M. (2020). Administrative and legal aspects of police and community. Comparative and analytical law, 4, 466-471. https://dspace.lvduvs.edu.ua/handle/1234567890/3575
Elphick, C., Philpot, R., Zhang, M., Stuart, A., Walkington, Z., Frumkin, L. A., ... & Nuseibeh, B. (2021). Building trust in digital policing: a scoping review of community policing apps. Police Practice and Research, 22(5), 1469-1491. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2020.1861449
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Kammersgaard, T., Søgaard, T. F., Haller, M. B., Kolind, T., & Hunt, G. (2023). Community policing in Danish “ghetto” areas: Trust and distrust between the police and ethnic minority youth. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 23(1), 98-116. https://doi.org/10.1177/17488958211017390
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Law of Ukraine No. 580-VIII. On the National Police. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2023. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/580-19#Text
Madsen, M., & Kammersgaard, T. (2022). Dining with the police: Resistance and acceptance of community policing. Nordic Journal of Studies in Policing, 9(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.18261/njsp.9.1.6
Malone, M. F. T., & Dammert, L. (2021). The police and the public: policing practices and public trust in Latin America. Policing and Society, 31(4), 418-433. https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2020.1744600
Medvedenko, S. V. (2019). The overseas experience of police-public interaction on the example of the UK and Belgium. Actual problems of the state and law, 83(16), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.32837/apdp.v0i83.125
Mills, C. B., Kwon, A. C., & Brown, K. A. (2021). Examining the COMM in COMMunity Policing: Communication Accommodation, Perception, and Trust in Law Enforcement-Suspect Encounters. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 36(2), 333-341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-021-09445-y
Oosthuizen, J. (2021). Community Policing. In: Modern Police Leadership: Operational Effectiveness at Every Level (pp. 405-421). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63930-3_30
OSCE. (2023). France. https://polis.osce.org/country-profiles/france
Police.uk. (2023). Careers and volunteering. https://www.police.uk/pu/careers-and-volunteering/
Prokopenko, O. Yu., Bulatin, D. O., & Kushnirenko, R. O. (2021). Opportunities to use the EU countries experience in the field of preventive police activities in Ukraine. Law and Safety, 83(4), 56-63. https://doi.org/10.32631/pb.2021.4.06
Safety in the community. (2023). What is Community Policing. https://acortar.link/xDRGyh
Schaap, D. (2021). Police trust-building strategies. A socio-institutional, comparative approach. Policing and Society, 31(3), 304-320. https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2020.1726345
Schlosser, M. D., Robbennolt, J. K., Blumberg, D. M., & Papazoglou, K. (2021). Confirmation bias: A barrier to community policing. Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being, 6(4), 162-167. https://doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.219
Skogan, W. G. (2019). Community policing. In: Weisburd, D., & Braga, A. A. (eds.), Police Innovation: Contrasting perspectives (pp. 27-44). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278423
Slovo i dilo. (2023). How the level of trust of Ukrainians in law enforcement and law enforcement agencies has changed. https://acortar.link/ZlKTDr
Tsurkalenko, D. P. (2021). Some aspects of implementation of the concept of “Community Policing” in Ukraine. Historical and legal journal, 2(17), 93-99. https://doi.org/10.32782/2409-4544/2021-2/13
Aston, E. V., O’Neill, M., Hail, Y., & Wooff, A. (2023). Information sharing in community policing in Europe: Building public confidence. European Journal of Criminology, 20(4), 1349-1368. https://doi.org/10.1177/14773708211037902
Blair, G., Weinstein, J. M., Christia, F., Arias, E., Badran, E., Blair, R. A., ... & Wilke, A. M. (2021). Community policing does not build citizen trust in police or reduce crime in the Global South. Science, 374(6571), eabd3446. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3446
CCV. (2023). First in safety. https://hetccv.nl/
Charalambous, E., Skitsas, M., Efstathiou, N., & Koutras, N. (2019). A Digital Decision Support System for Efficient Policing in Urban Security in a Community Policing Context. In: Leventakis, G., Haberfeld, M. (eds), Synergy of Community Policing and Technology. Springer Briefs in Criminology (pp. 1-14). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00299-2_1
Connell, N. M., Miggans, K., & McGloin, J. M. (2008). Can a community policing initiative reduce serious crime? A local evaluation. Police Quarterly, 11(2), 127-150. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098611107306276
Davis, R., Henderson, N., & Merrick, C. (2003). Community policing: Variations on the western model in the developing world. Police Practice and Research, 4(3), 285-300. https://doi.org/10.1080/1561426032000113870
de Maillard, J., & Terpstra, J. (2021). Community policing in comparative perspective. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264079.013.615
Didyk, N. I., & Kostovska, K. M. (2020). Administrative and legal aspects of police and community. Comparative and analytical law, 4, 466-471. https://dspace.lvduvs.edu.ua/handle/1234567890/3575
Elphick, C., Philpot, R., Zhang, M., Stuart, A., Walkington, Z., Frumkin, L. A., ... & Nuseibeh, B. (2021). Building trust in digital policing: a scoping review of community policing apps. Police Practice and Research, 22(5), 1469-1491. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2020.1861449
European Commission. (2019). The Danish SSP system: Local collaboration between schools, social service and police. https://acortar.link/HaRIcq
Kammersgaard, T., Søgaard, T. F., Haller, M. B., Kolind, T., & Hunt, G. (2023). Community policing in Danish “ghetto” areas: Trust and distrust between the police and ethnic minority youth. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 23(1), 98-116. https://doi.org/10.1177/17488958211017390
Kappeler, V. E., Gaines, L. K., & Schaefer, B. P. (2020). Community policing: A contemporary perspective. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429398056
Koper, C. S., Lum, C., Wu, X., & Fritz, N. (2020). Proactive policing in the United States: a national survey. Policing: An International Journal, 43(5), 861-876. https://doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-06-2020-0086
Kutnjak Ivković, S., Peacock, R., & Cajner Mraović, I. (2020). The role of organisational justice and community policing values in the model of external procedural justice in Croatia. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 44(1-2), 47-62. https://doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2019.1599972
Law of Ukraine No. 580-VIII. On the National Police. Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 2023. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/580-19#Text
Madsen, M., & Kammersgaard, T. (2022). Dining with the police: Resistance and acceptance of community policing. Nordic Journal of Studies in Policing, 9(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.18261/njsp.9.1.6
Malone, M. F. T., & Dammert, L. (2021). The police and the public: policing practices and public trust in Latin America. Policing and Society, 31(4), 418-433. https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2020.1744600
Medvedenko, S. V. (2019). The overseas experience of police-public interaction on the example of the UK and Belgium. Actual problems of the state and law, 83(16), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.32837/apdp.v0i83.125
Mills, C. B., Kwon, A. C., & Brown, K. A. (2021). Examining the COMM in COMMunity Policing: Communication Accommodation, Perception, and Trust in Law Enforcement-Suspect Encounters. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 36(2), 333-341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-021-09445-y
Oosthuizen, J. (2021). Community Policing. In: Modern Police Leadership: Operational Effectiveness at Every Level (pp. 405-421). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63930-3_30
OSCE. (2023). France. https://polis.osce.org/country-profiles/france
Police.uk. (2023). Careers and volunteering. https://www.police.uk/pu/careers-and-volunteering/
Prokopenko, O. Yu., Bulatin, D. O., & Kushnirenko, R. O. (2021). Opportunities to use the EU countries experience in the field of preventive police activities in Ukraine. Law and Safety, 83(4), 56-63. https://doi.org/10.32631/pb.2021.4.06
Safety in the community. (2023). What is Community Policing. https://acortar.link/xDRGyh
Schaap, D. (2021). Police trust-building strategies. A socio-institutional, comparative approach. Policing and Society, 31(3), 304-320. https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2020.1726345
Schlosser, M. D., Robbennolt, J. K., Blumberg, D. M., & Papazoglou, K. (2021). Confirmation bias: A barrier to community policing. Journal of Community Safety and Well-Being, 6(4), 162-167. https://doi.org/10.35502/jcswb.219
Skogan, W. G. (2019). Community policing. In: Weisburd, D., & Braga, A. A. (eds.), Police Innovation: Contrasting perspectives (pp. 27-44). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108278423
Slovo i dilo. (2023). How the level of trust of Ukrainians in law enforcement and law enforcement agencies has changed. https://acortar.link/ZlKTDr
Tsurkalenko, D. P. (2021). Some aspects of implementation of the concept of “Community Policing” in Ukraine. Historical and legal journal, 2(17), 93-99. https://doi.org/10.32782/2409-4544/2021-2/13
Publicado
2023-09-30
Como Citar
Veselov, M., Holodnyk, Y., Svoboda, I., Horbach-Kudria, I., & Beikun, A. (2023). Effectiveness of administrative and legal mechanisms for the implementation of community police in EU countries: the case of Ukraine. Amazonia Investiga, 12(69), 227-238. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.69.09.20
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