Sustainability in the modern architecture of Nicosia: A retrospective view
Resumo
Architectural approaches that developed and progressed in the modern period were founded on the criteria of modern architecture. It is possible to see the distinctive features of the modern period from the 1920s to the 1970s on the island of Cyprus, which has been under the influence of many cultures for many years. This study's main goal is to investigate the architectural criteria for residences constructed throughout the modern period in the Nicosia region in relation to sustainability parameters and modern architectural approaches. The methodology of the study consists of theoretical, analysis/practical approaches and observations. The analysis of a total of 3 houses was evaluated in the context of form, function, construction, and sustainability parameters. The houses examined during the findings phase were evaluated within the framework of sustainability parameters, and modern architectural approaches taking into account modern architectural criteria. In the houses discussed in the study, free plan, ornament-free facade designs, and large window openings on the facades, depending on the Functionalism, Purism, Cubism, and international style approaches, attract attention as architectural criteria. In this regard, it clearly reveals that the ideals, approaches, and principles of the modern period are related to the sustainability parameters that emerged at that time.
Downloads
Não há dados estatísticos.
Referências
Akbulut, İ. (1998). History of Northern Cyprus and Historical Monuments. Cyrene.
Ali, F.A. (2018). The influence of Le Corbusier on the emergence of the aesthetic values in the modern architecture of Cyprus. J. Contemp. Urban Aff., 2, 1-12.
Appendino, F. (2017). Balancing Heritage Conservation and Sustainable Development–The Case of Bordeaux. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 245, No. 6, p. 062002). IOP Publishing.
Arenibafo, F.E. (2017). The Transformation of Aesthetics in Architecture from Traditional to Modern Architecture: A case study of the Yoruba (southwestern) region of Nigeria. J. Contemp. Urban Aff., 1, 35-44.
Bakshi, A. (2014). Urban form and memory discourses: Spatial practices in contested cities. J. Urban Des, 19, 189-210.
Basiago, A.D. (1998). Economic, social, and environmental sustainability in development theory and urban planning practice. Environmentalist, 19, 145-161.
Behne, A. (1996). The Modern Functional Building. VA, USA: Getty Research Center for the History of Art and the Humanities.
Benian, E. (2010). An evaluation of Interior-Exterior Relationship in Modern Architecture. (Doctoral Thesis), Trakya University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Edirne, Turkey.
Besgen, A. (1998). The Effects of Cubist Design Theory on Modernism and Post Modernism. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven University of Technology, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Beyaz, Ç., & Erçin, Ç. (2023). Evaluation of Modern Architecture Criteria in the Context of Sustainability and Architectural Approach; Modern Period in North Nicosia. Sustainability, 15, 10005. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310005
Birol, G. (2006). “Emergence and development of modern architecture”. Megaron-Journal of Balıkesir Branch of Chamber of Architects of Turkey, pp. 3-6.
Boström, M. (2012). A missing pillar? Challenges in theorizing and practicing social sustainability: Introduction to the special issue. Sustain. Sci. Pract. Policy, 8, 3-14.
Budak, C. (1985). Presentation: On the concepts of Modern architecture. Journal of Architecture, 23, pp. 17-23.
Burke, J. E. (2015). a Britain and the Cyprus crisis of 1974: conflict, colonialism and the politics of remembrance (Doctoral dissertation), Newcastle University, England.
Chiu, R. L. (2003). 12 Social sustainability, sustainable development and housing development. In Housing and social change: East-west perspectives (Vol. 221). New York, NY, USA: Routledge.
Cogaloglu, M., & Turkan, Z. (2019). Plan organization in XX. Century housing architecture in North Cyprus. Amazonia Investiga, 8(22), 381-388. https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/738
Doorman, M. (2003). 5. Innovation in Painting And Architecture: De Stijl. In Art in Progress; Amsterdam University Press: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 81–114.
Dostoğlu, N. (1995). Conceptions of architecture after the Modern. Mimarlık Journal, 263, 46-50. http://dergi.mo.org.tr/dergiler/4/443/6432.pdf
Dostoğlu, S. (1984). Beyond Modern Architecture. Mimarlık Journal, 22, pp. 17-21. Accessed on 21 June 2023. http://dergi.mo.org.tr/dergiler/4/507/9343.pdf
Duran, B. (2018). The importance of the concept of sustainability, the problems encountered, and the examination of sustainability reports of companies (Master's thesis), Başkent University Institute of Social Sciences, Turkey.
Erenler, E. (1997). Purism. Eczacıbaşı Art Encyclopedia, 3. https://disk.yandex.com.tr/i/JD27yCIeZ3AJeA
Falcetta, J.R. (2007). Geometries of Space and Time: The Cubist London of” Mrs. Dalloway”. Woolf Stud. Annu, 13, 111–136.
Fereos, S., & Phokaides, P. (2006). Architecture in Cyprus between the 1930s and 1970s. Docomomo, 35, 15-19.
Feridun, S., & Feridun, A. (2013). A Tale of Two Architects, from the 19600s to the Present. Işık Bookstore: Nicosia, Cyprus.
Frisby, D. (2004). Analyzing modernity. In Tracing Modernity Manifestations of the Modern in Architecture and the City. Hvattum, M., Hermansen, C., Eds.. London, UK: Psychology Press, pp. 3–22.
Gardiner, S. (1985). Le Corbusier. Istanbul, Turkey: AFA Publications. https://vdoc.pub/download/le-corbusier-7q3fpponknd0
Ghahramanpouri, A., Lamit, H., & Sedaghatnia, S. (2013). Urban social sustainability trends in research literature. Asian Soc. Sci., 9, 185.
Griffith Winton, A. (2000). The Bauhaus, 1919–1933. Heibrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Günçe, K., & Mısırlısoy, D. (2019). Assessment of adaptive reuse practices through user experiences: Traditional houses in the walled city of Nicosia. Sustainability, 11, 540.
Haftmann, W. (1960). Painting in the Twentieth Century. London, UK: Lund Humphries, Vol. 1. https://acortar.link/xRPVzi
Hasol, D. (2014). Encyclopedic Dictionary of Architecture (13th Edition). Istanbul: Yem Publishing.
Hitchcock, H. R., & Johnson, P. (1995). The international style. WW Norton & Company.
Karaca, A. (2021). A review of architectural periods and comparing with today’s architecture. International Journal of Development Research, 11(01), 43835-43838.
Kortan, E. (1986). Aesthetic perspective on 20th-century architecture. Yaprak Publishing House.
Leuthäuser, G. (2001). Architecture in the Twentieth Century. Taschen: Cologne, Germany, Volume 1.
Litman, T. (2011). Sustainability and Livability: Summary of Definitions, Goals, Objectives and Performance Indicators. Victoria Transport Policy Institute. https://www.vtpi.org/sus_liv.pdf
Menteş, A., & Donà, V. (2019). Transformation of Cinema Buildings and Spaces in Nicosia: Early-Mid 20 th Century Heritage. ATINER‟ s 11th Annual International Conference on Architecture July.
Mesda, Y. (2011). An analytical approach to the house design in the walled city of Nicosia in Cyprus. Des. Princ. Pract. Int. J., 5, 389-430.
Moldan, B., Janoušková, S., & Hák, T. (2012). How to understand and measure environmental sustainability: Indicators and targets. Ecological indicators, 17, 4-13.
Morelli, J. (2011). Environmental sustainability: A definition for environmental professionals. J. Environ. Sustain., 1, 2.
Nia, H. A., & Rahbarianyazd, R. (2020). Aesthetics of modern architecture: A semiological survey on the aesthetic contribution of modern architecture. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 8(2), 66-76.
Oktay, D. (2007). An analysis and review of the divided city of Nicosia, Cyprus, and new perspectives. Geography, 92, 231–247.
Özdemir, S. (2018). Two Walls of Lefkoşa: The Validity of Division. İdealkent, 9(23), 30-57.
Özyalvaç, A. N. (2013). The concept of modernity in architecture and Turkey. FSM Scholarly Studies Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, (1), 294-306.
Pasaogullari, N., & Doratlı, N. (2009). Design principles of public open spaces in the walled cities: A Study in the Walled City of Nicosia, Cyprus. Nicosia: Near East University Press.
Pereira, H. N. (2007). Contemporary trends in conservation: culturalization, significance and sustainability. City & Time, 3(2), 15-25.
Pevsner, N. (1977). European architecture in its main lines. Istanbul: Cem Publishing House.
Pop, I. L., Borza, A., Buiga, A., Ighian, D., & Toader, R. (2019). Achieving cultural sustainability in museums: A step toward sustainable development. Sustainability, 11(4), 970.
Qin, S. (2015). On De Stijl and Architectural Design. In Proceedings of the 2015 2nd International Conference on Education, Language, Language, Art and Intercultural Communication (ICELAIC-15). Henan, China, 7-8 November. Atlantis Press: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2015, pp. 567-568.
Schumacher, T. L. (2002). “The Outside is the Result of an Inside”: Some Sources of One of Modernism's Most Persistent Doctrines. Journal of Architectural Education, 56(1), 23-33.
Simic, A. (2006). Le Corbusier’s Purist Period and the Concept of Truth in Architecture (Doctoral Dissertation), University of Cincinnati, Ohio.
Soini, K., & Birkeland, I. (2014). Exploring the scientific discourse on cultural sustainability. Geoforum, 51, 213–223.
Soini, K., & Dessein, J. (2016). Culture-sustainability relation: Towards a conceptual framework. Sustainability, 8, 167.
Tanyeli, U. (1997). “Modern Architecture”, Eczacıbaşı Art Encyclopedia, II. Volume. Istanbul: YEM Publication. https://disk.yandex.com.tr/d/Ik2TuvIy8Ux3IQ
Tietz, J. (2000). The story of architecture of the 20th century. Konemann.
Trisno, R., & Lianto, F. (2019). Relationship Between Function-Form in The Expression of Architectural Creation (File PDF).
Uluçay, P., & Uraz, T., & Pulhan, H., (2006). Local Expansions of Modernism. Suna-Ümit Süleyman House-Nicosia, Mimarca 73. Chamber of Architects Journal, 17(73).
White, M. (2003). De Stijl and Dutch Modernism. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, p. 39.
Williams, R. A. (2014). Vocabulary of Culture and Society. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Winter, E. (2007). Aesthetics and Architecture. Br. J. Aesthet., 48, 235.
Wced, S. W. S. (1987). World commission on environment and development. Our common future, 17(1), 1-91. https://acortar.link/N2lztD
Yasemin, K., & Bıçkı, D. (2006). The 'Sustainability' argument and the 'Deep Ecological' objection. Gazi University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal, 8(3), 231-249.
Yavuz, E. (2021). A Modern in Cyprus: Abdullah Onar, Housing and the Design of a Modern Life. METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, 38(2).
Z˙ ychowska, M.J. (2019). Bauhaus—Didactic Experiments and Their Legacy. Glob. J. Eng. Educ., 21, 134-138.
Ali, F.A. (2018). The influence of Le Corbusier on the emergence of the aesthetic values in the modern architecture of Cyprus. J. Contemp. Urban Aff., 2, 1-12.
Appendino, F. (2017). Balancing Heritage Conservation and Sustainable Development–The Case of Bordeaux. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 245, No. 6, p. 062002). IOP Publishing.
Arenibafo, F.E. (2017). The Transformation of Aesthetics in Architecture from Traditional to Modern Architecture: A case study of the Yoruba (southwestern) region of Nigeria. J. Contemp. Urban Aff., 1, 35-44.
Bakshi, A. (2014). Urban form and memory discourses: Spatial practices in contested cities. J. Urban Des, 19, 189-210.
Basiago, A.D. (1998). Economic, social, and environmental sustainability in development theory and urban planning practice. Environmentalist, 19, 145-161.
Behne, A. (1996). The Modern Functional Building. VA, USA: Getty Research Center for the History of Art and the Humanities.
Benian, E. (2010). An evaluation of Interior-Exterior Relationship in Modern Architecture. (Doctoral Thesis), Trakya University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Edirne, Turkey.
Besgen, A. (1998). The Effects of Cubist Design Theory on Modernism and Post Modernism. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Design and Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, Eindhoven University of Technology, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Beyaz, Ç., & Erçin, Ç. (2023). Evaluation of Modern Architecture Criteria in the Context of Sustainability and Architectural Approach; Modern Period in North Nicosia. Sustainability, 15, 10005. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310005
Birol, G. (2006). “Emergence and development of modern architecture”. Megaron-Journal of Balıkesir Branch of Chamber of Architects of Turkey, pp. 3-6.
Boström, M. (2012). A missing pillar? Challenges in theorizing and practicing social sustainability: Introduction to the special issue. Sustain. Sci. Pract. Policy, 8, 3-14.
Budak, C. (1985). Presentation: On the concepts of Modern architecture. Journal of Architecture, 23, pp. 17-23.
Burke, J. E. (2015). a Britain and the Cyprus crisis of 1974: conflict, colonialism and the politics of remembrance (Doctoral dissertation), Newcastle University, England.
Chiu, R. L. (2003). 12 Social sustainability, sustainable development and housing development. In Housing and social change: East-west perspectives (Vol. 221). New York, NY, USA: Routledge.
Cogaloglu, M., & Turkan, Z. (2019). Plan organization in XX. Century housing architecture in North Cyprus. Amazonia Investiga, 8(22), 381-388. https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/738
Doorman, M. (2003). 5. Innovation in Painting And Architecture: De Stijl. In Art in Progress; Amsterdam University Press: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 81–114.
Dostoğlu, N. (1995). Conceptions of architecture after the Modern. Mimarlık Journal, 263, 46-50. http://dergi.mo.org.tr/dergiler/4/443/6432.pdf
Dostoğlu, S. (1984). Beyond Modern Architecture. Mimarlık Journal, 22, pp. 17-21. Accessed on 21 June 2023. http://dergi.mo.org.tr/dergiler/4/507/9343.pdf
Duran, B. (2018). The importance of the concept of sustainability, the problems encountered, and the examination of sustainability reports of companies (Master's thesis), Başkent University Institute of Social Sciences, Turkey.
Erenler, E. (1997). Purism. Eczacıbaşı Art Encyclopedia, 3. https://disk.yandex.com.tr/i/JD27yCIeZ3AJeA
Falcetta, J.R. (2007). Geometries of Space and Time: The Cubist London of” Mrs. Dalloway”. Woolf Stud. Annu, 13, 111–136.
Fereos, S., & Phokaides, P. (2006). Architecture in Cyprus between the 1930s and 1970s. Docomomo, 35, 15-19.
Feridun, S., & Feridun, A. (2013). A Tale of Two Architects, from the 19600s to the Present. Işık Bookstore: Nicosia, Cyprus.
Frisby, D. (2004). Analyzing modernity. In Tracing Modernity Manifestations of the Modern in Architecture and the City. Hvattum, M., Hermansen, C., Eds.. London, UK: Psychology Press, pp. 3–22.
Gardiner, S. (1985). Le Corbusier. Istanbul, Turkey: AFA Publications. https://vdoc.pub/download/le-corbusier-7q3fpponknd0
Ghahramanpouri, A., Lamit, H., & Sedaghatnia, S. (2013). Urban social sustainability trends in research literature. Asian Soc. Sci., 9, 185.
Griffith Winton, A. (2000). The Bauhaus, 1919–1933. Heibrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Günçe, K., & Mısırlısoy, D. (2019). Assessment of adaptive reuse practices through user experiences: Traditional houses in the walled city of Nicosia. Sustainability, 11, 540.
Haftmann, W. (1960). Painting in the Twentieth Century. London, UK: Lund Humphries, Vol. 1. https://acortar.link/xRPVzi
Hasol, D. (2014). Encyclopedic Dictionary of Architecture (13th Edition). Istanbul: Yem Publishing.
Hitchcock, H. R., & Johnson, P. (1995). The international style. WW Norton & Company.
Karaca, A. (2021). A review of architectural periods and comparing with today’s architecture. International Journal of Development Research, 11(01), 43835-43838.
Kortan, E. (1986). Aesthetic perspective on 20th-century architecture. Yaprak Publishing House.
Leuthäuser, G. (2001). Architecture in the Twentieth Century. Taschen: Cologne, Germany, Volume 1.
Litman, T. (2011). Sustainability and Livability: Summary of Definitions, Goals, Objectives and Performance Indicators. Victoria Transport Policy Institute. https://www.vtpi.org/sus_liv.pdf
Menteş, A., & Donà, V. (2019). Transformation of Cinema Buildings and Spaces in Nicosia: Early-Mid 20 th Century Heritage. ATINER‟ s 11th Annual International Conference on Architecture July.
Mesda, Y. (2011). An analytical approach to the house design in the walled city of Nicosia in Cyprus. Des. Princ. Pract. Int. J., 5, 389-430.
Moldan, B., Janoušková, S., & Hák, T. (2012). How to understand and measure environmental sustainability: Indicators and targets. Ecological indicators, 17, 4-13.
Morelli, J. (2011). Environmental sustainability: A definition for environmental professionals. J. Environ. Sustain., 1, 2.
Nia, H. A., & Rahbarianyazd, R. (2020). Aesthetics of modern architecture: A semiological survey on the aesthetic contribution of modern architecture. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 8(2), 66-76.
Oktay, D. (2007). An analysis and review of the divided city of Nicosia, Cyprus, and new perspectives. Geography, 92, 231–247.
Özdemir, S. (2018). Two Walls of Lefkoşa: The Validity of Division. İdealkent, 9(23), 30-57.
Özyalvaç, A. N. (2013). The concept of modernity in architecture and Turkey. FSM Scholarly Studies Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, (1), 294-306.
Pasaogullari, N., & Doratlı, N. (2009). Design principles of public open spaces in the walled cities: A Study in the Walled City of Nicosia, Cyprus. Nicosia: Near East University Press.
Pereira, H. N. (2007). Contemporary trends in conservation: culturalization, significance and sustainability. City & Time, 3(2), 15-25.
Pevsner, N. (1977). European architecture in its main lines. Istanbul: Cem Publishing House.
Pop, I. L., Borza, A., Buiga, A., Ighian, D., & Toader, R. (2019). Achieving cultural sustainability in museums: A step toward sustainable development. Sustainability, 11(4), 970.
Qin, S. (2015). On De Stijl and Architectural Design. In Proceedings of the 2015 2nd International Conference on Education, Language, Language, Art and Intercultural Communication (ICELAIC-15). Henan, China, 7-8 November. Atlantis Press: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2015, pp. 567-568.
Schumacher, T. L. (2002). “The Outside is the Result of an Inside”: Some Sources of One of Modernism's Most Persistent Doctrines. Journal of Architectural Education, 56(1), 23-33.
Simic, A. (2006). Le Corbusier’s Purist Period and the Concept of Truth in Architecture (Doctoral Dissertation), University of Cincinnati, Ohio.
Soini, K., & Birkeland, I. (2014). Exploring the scientific discourse on cultural sustainability. Geoforum, 51, 213–223.
Soini, K., & Dessein, J. (2016). Culture-sustainability relation: Towards a conceptual framework. Sustainability, 8, 167.
Tanyeli, U. (1997). “Modern Architecture”, Eczacıbaşı Art Encyclopedia, II. Volume. Istanbul: YEM Publication. https://disk.yandex.com.tr/d/Ik2TuvIy8Ux3IQ
Tietz, J. (2000). The story of architecture of the 20th century. Konemann.
Trisno, R., & Lianto, F. (2019). Relationship Between Function-Form in The Expression of Architectural Creation (File PDF).
Uluçay, P., & Uraz, T., & Pulhan, H., (2006). Local Expansions of Modernism. Suna-Ümit Süleyman House-Nicosia, Mimarca 73. Chamber of Architects Journal, 17(73).
White, M. (2003). De Stijl and Dutch Modernism. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, p. 39.
Williams, R. A. (2014). Vocabulary of Culture and Society. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Winter, E. (2007). Aesthetics and Architecture. Br. J. Aesthet., 48, 235.
Wced, S. W. S. (1987). World commission on environment and development. Our common future, 17(1), 1-91. https://acortar.link/N2lztD
Yasemin, K., & Bıçkı, D. (2006). The 'Sustainability' argument and the 'Deep Ecological' objection. Gazi University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal, 8(3), 231-249.
Yavuz, E. (2021). A Modern in Cyprus: Abdullah Onar, Housing and the Design of a Modern Life. METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, 38(2).
Z˙ ychowska, M.J. (2019). Bauhaus—Didactic Experiments and Their Legacy. Glob. J. Eng. Educ., 21, 134-138.
Publicado
2023-09-30
Como Citar
Beyaz, Çağla, & Erçin, Çilen. (2023). Sustainability in the modern architecture of Nicosia: A retrospective view. Amazonia Investiga, 12(69), 9-26. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.69.09.1
Edição
Seção
Articles
Copyright (c) 2023 Amazonia Investiga
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
.gif)
