The specifics of modern educational migration in the countries of the Customs Union (Russia, Republic of Belarus, Kazakhstan)

Abstract

The article describes the types of student migration and methodological approaches to its study. The global trends in educational migration and the development of this process in Belarus in the period 1999–2014 are analyzed. The countries of origin are highlighted, and factors that contribute to attracting educational migrants to the Republic of Belarus are indicated. One of the characteristic trends in the development of the modern education system is the rapid growth of student migration throughout the twentieth century. The scale of academic mobility and academic migration has steadily increased throughout the world. But it was at the turn of the XX and XXI centuries. this type of mobility is becoming a massive global phenomenon.

The Republic of Belarus clearly demonstrates the growing student mobility: there is an increase in both incoming and outgoing educational migration. In the period from 1999 to 2013 the rate of outgoing student mobility has increased by more than 5 times. The growth rate of incoming mobility is not as significant. The number of arriving school migrants is increasing year by year, but the rate of growth of incoming mobility over the past 8 years has been declining. From 2005 to 2014 In Belarus, more than 100 thousand foreign students were educated. In 2016, 100 thousand Kazakhstanis studied at foreign universities. In the 2018-2019 academic year, the number of foreign students has reached 23 thousand people, by 2020 it is planned to increase their number to 50 thousand people. For three years in a row, Russia has been accepting 15,000 foreigners for free tuition at several hundred universities in the country in 659 different areas and specialties. The British company QS recently placed Russia on the 26th place in the world for the quality of the higher education system. In 2016, the competition among foreigners was 4.5 people per Russian budget place, reports Rossotrudnichestvo.