Communicative failures of ukrainian speakers in learning german
Keywords:
communicative deviation (failure), German as a foreign language, Ukrainian language, communicative competence, intercultural communication.
Abstract
The article analyzes communicative deviations that occur during the communication between German native speakers and non-native speakers, particularly Ukrainians. Despite existing intercultural and sociolinguistic studies, the analysis of language specificity that causes communicative deviations, failures and misunderstandings remains relevant and understudied. The purpose of this article is to identify and explore the German language peculiarities that cause misunderstandings in communication for non-native speakers, in particular Ukrainian speakers, and offer the algorithm for the representatives of different ethnic communities to help them avoid and resolve possible conflicts given the study of German as a foreign language. The status of the concept of communicative deviation in intercultural communication under conditions of insufficient communicative competence is determined in this article. The study uses the term communicative deviation in favor of a generalized term, a broad concept of linguistic, speech and communicative deviations in dialogic speech, in particular between native German speakers and non-native speakers. The empirical research was based on the speech activity of Ukrainian students during classes at the Department of German Studies and Translation (levels B2–C1) of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv in 2019–2021 academic years and definitions from the Universal Dictionary of German Duden, in addition to the materials reflected in textbooks and teaching manuals as well as from authentic German-language sources. Communicative deviations are identified and analyzed in phonological, lexical, syntactic and pragmatic aspects.
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References
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Brinitzer, M., Hantschel, H.-J., & Kroemer, S. et al. (2016). Teaching DaF: Basic knowledge of didactics in German as a foreign and second language [DaF unterrichten: Basiswissen Didaktik Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache]. Stuttgart: Klett.
Busch, D. (2003). The influence of situational misunderstandings in intercultural contact situations: exemplified by conversations between Polish and German students [Der Einfluss situativer Missverständnisse in interkulturellen Kontaktsituationen: exemplarisch dargestellt an Gesprächen polnischer und deutscher Studierender]. Stuttgart: ibidem.
Byram, M., & Wagner, M. (2018). Making a difference: Language teaching for intercultural and international dialogue. Foreign Language Annals, 51(1), 140–151.
Cherniukh, L. D. (2014). Lingual features of modern Slovak advertising. [Linhvalni osoblyvosti suchasnoi slovatskoi reklamy] (Doctoral thesis). In-t movoznav. im. O. O. Potebni NAN Ukrainy, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Chernyavskaya, V. (2020). Misplaced in Contexts, Lost in Meaning. Context Change as a Cause for Social Misunderstandings: The Case of Kaliningrad and Königsberg. Journal of Slavic Studies [Zeitschrift für Slavistik], 65(4), 569–584.
Cherubim, D. (1986). German language in the present: problem, task and touchstone for German studies [Deutsche Sprache in der Gegenwart: Problem, Aufgabe und Prüfstein für die Germanistik]. Journal of German Linguistics [Zeitschrift für Germanistische Linguistik], 14(2), 147-160.
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Deppermann, A., & De Stefani, E. (2019). Defining in talk-in-interaction: Recipient-design through negative definitional components. Journal of Pragmatics, 140, 140–155.
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Dyakiv, K. (2018). Phraseologisms with color components in German as a reason for communicative deviations for Ukrainian learners of German [Phraseologismen mit Farbkomponenten im Deutschen als Grund für kommunikative Deviationen für die ukrainischen Deutschlerner]. Insights and reviews: Contributions to German phraseology and paromiology from an intra- and interlingual perspective [Einblicke und Rückblicke: Beiträge zur deutschen Phraseologie und Parömiologie aus intra- und interlingualer Sicht]. (pp. 247–258). Wrocław, Baltmannsweiler: Schneider Verlag Hohengehrten GmbH.
Dyakiv, K. (2019). Insufficient addressee design in Ukrainian and German political YouTube interviews [Mangelhafter Adressatenzuschnitt in ukrainischen und deutschen politischen youtube-interviews]. Germanoslavica, 30(2), 17-40.
Ehrhardt, C., Heringer, H. J. (2011). Pragmatics [Pragmatik]. Paderborn: Fink.
Ferenbach, M., Schüssler, I. (2017). Words to choose. Vocabulary exercises. German as a foreign language [Wörter zur Wahl. Wortschatzübungen. Deutsch als Fremdsprache]. Stuttgart: Klett.
Földes, C. (2006). Lexic and semantics in a balancing act between two languages and cultures: Findings and insights from contact linguistic field research [Lexik und Semantik in einem Spagat zwischen zwei Sprachen und Kulturen: Befunde und Erkenntnisse einer kontaktlinguistischen Feldforschung]. Journal of Dialectology and Linguistics [Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik], 73 (2), 129–160.
Földes, C., & Furmanova, V. P. (2020). Intercultural communication in the professional training of master's students: Concept and structure of a joint educational project. Integration of Education, 24(4), 591–607.
Földi, A. (2020). “False Friends” and Some Other Phenomena Reflecting the Historical Determination of the Terminology of Hungarian Private Law. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law, 33(3), 729-747.
Goethe aktuell (2021). Official website. Recovered from https://www.goethe.de/de/uun/pub/akt.html
Gordevskij, D. V. (2000). Deviant thinking as a factor of cultural dynamics [Deviantnoe myshlenie kak faktor kul'turnoj dinamiki]. (Doctoral thesis). Khark. nac. un-t im. V. N. Karazina, Khar'kov [in Russian].
Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond Culture. Garden City: New York.
Hinnenkamp, V. (2014). Misunderstandings: Interactional structure and strategic resources. Misunderstanding in Social Life: Discourse Approaches to Problematic Talk, 57–81.
Hirschfeld, U., Siebenhaar, B. (2013). Aussprachevielfalt im Deutschen. Deutsch als Fremdsprache, 50(3), 131–140.
Kayumova, A.R., Safina, R. A., & Nefedova, L. A. (2019). Issues and trends in phraseodidactics. Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics, 10 (Special Issue), 694-701.
Koithan, U., Schmitz, H. et al. (2015a). Aspects new B2. class book [Aspekte neu B2. Kursbuch]. München: Klett-Langenscheidt GmbH.
Koithan, U., Schmitz, H. et al. (2015b). Aspects new B2. Workbook. [Aspekte neu B2. Arbeitsbuch]. München: Klett-Langenscheidt GmbH.
Koithan, U., Schmitz, H. et al. (2016a). Aspects new C1. Class book. [Aspekte neu C1. Kursbuch]. München: Klett-Langenscheidt GmbH.
Koithan, U., Schmitz, H. et al. (2016b). Aspects new C1. Workbook [Aspekte neu C1. Arbeitsbuch]. München: Klett-Langenscheidt GmbH.
DAAD (2021). LETTER. Recovered from https://www.daad.de/de/der-daad/kommunikation-publikationen/letter/
Li, J., Zhong, Zh., & Mo, L. (2020). Negative Deviation Effect in Interpersonal Communication: Why People Underestimate the Positivity of Impression They Left on Others. Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 13, 733–745. Recovered from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7500844/
Manakin, V. (2012). Language and intercultural communication [Mova i mizhkul'turna komunikatsiya]. Kyiv: Academy [Akademia] [in Ukrainian].
Milchenko, O. S. (2011). Semantic deviations in the text of laws [Semantychni deviatsii v normatyvno-pravovykh tekstakh]. (Doctoral thesis). Kyiv. nats. un-t im. T. Shevchenka, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Mustajoki, A. (2012). A speaker-oriented multidimensional approach to risks and causes of miscommunication. Language and Dialogue, 2(2), 216–243. Recovered from https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10138/337324/Speaker_oriented_Mustajoki_2012.pdf?sequence=1
Pshenychna, T. O. (2011). Speech influence on the emotions of the recipient of the interview [Movlennievyi vplyv na emotsii adresata interviu]. (Doctoral thesis). Kyiv nats. un-t im. T. Shevchenka, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Riehl, C.M., Kretzembacher, H.L., Hajek, J., & López, J.B. (2020). Strategies of addressing in the learning process of German as a foreign language [Anredestrategien im Erwerb des Deutschen als Fremdsprache ]. German as a foreign language [Deutsch als Fremdsprache], 57(3), 155-167. Recovered from https://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/handle/11343/248103
Rösler, D. (2012). German as a foreign language. An introduction [Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Eine Einführung]. Stuttgart: Metzler. [in German]
Rösler, D. (2013). It is better not to ask your theoretician about risks and side effects: Communicative orientation of foreign language didactics and German as a foreign language outside the German-speaking area [Zu Risiken und Nebenwirkungen fragen Sie lieber nicht Ihren Theoretiker: Kommunikative Orientierung der Fremdsprachendidaktik und Deutsch als Fremdsprache außerhalb des deutschsprachigen Raums]. Traditions and Transitions. Curricula for German Studies, 89-104. [in German]
Ruda, O. H. (2007). Communicative deviations in the conditions of Ukrainian-Russian bilingualism [Komunikatyvni deviatsii v umovakh ukrainsko-rosiiskoho bilinhvizmu]. (Doctoral thesis). In-t ukr. movy NAN Ukrainy, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Savignon, S.J., & Sysoyev, P.V. (2005). Cultures and comparisons: Strategies for learners. Foreign Language Annals, 38 (3), 357–365. Recovered from https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.2005.tb02222.x
Selivanova, E. A. (2000) Linguocultural aspect of communication noise [Lingvokul'turnyj aspekt kommunikativnogo shuma]. International Scientific Conference LINGVAPAX 8, 3, 51–55 [in Ukrainian].
Slavova, L. L. (2000). Typology of communication failure (on a material of modern English speech) [Typolohiia komunikatyvnykh nevdach (na materiali suchasnoho anhliiskoho movlennia)]. (Doctoral thesis). Kyiv State Linguistic University, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Stang, Ch. (2018). “The same is not the same!” Stumbling blocks of the German language [“Das Gleiche ist nicht dasselbe!” Stolpersteine der deutschen Sprache]. Ismaning: Hueber.
Strank, W. (2010). Words fail me! Systematic acquisition of vocabulary for advanced learners of German as a foreign language [Da fehlen mir die Worte. Systematischer Wortschatzerwerb für fortgeschrittene Lerner in Deutsch als Fremdsprache]. Leipzig: SCHUBERT-Verlag.
Yanovets, A. I. (2014). Psycholinguistic Features of the Discourse of the English-speaking Politician in a State of Emotional Tension [Psykholinhvistychni osoblyvosti dyskursu anhlomovnoho polityka u stani emotsiinoi napruhy]. (Doctoral thesis). Kherson. derzh. universytet, Kherson [in Ukrainian].
Batsevych, F. (2007). Dictionary of terms of intercultural communication [Slovnyk terminiv mizhkulturnoi komunikatsii]. Kyiv: Dovira [in Ukrainian].
Borysko, N. F. (2011). Foreign Phonetical Competence Formation [Metodyka formuvannia inshomovnoi fonetychnoi kompetentsii]. Foreign languages [Inozemni movy], 67(3), 3-14 [in Ukrainian].
Brinitzer, M., Hantschel, H.-J., & Kroemer, S. et al. (2016). Teaching DaF: Basic knowledge of didactics in German as a foreign and second language [DaF unterrichten: Basiswissen Didaktik Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache]. Stuttgart: Klett.
Busch, D. (2003). The influence of situational misunderstandings in intercultural contact situations: exemplified by conversations between Polish and German students [Der Einfluss situativer Missverständnisse in interkulturellen Kontaktsituationen: exemplarisch dargestellt an Gesprächen polnischer und deutscher Studierender]. Stuttgart: ibidem.
Byram, M., & Wagner, M. (2018). Making a difference: Language teaching for intercultural and international dialogue. Foreign Language Annals, 51(1), 140–151.
Cherniukh, L. D. (2014). Lingual features of modern Slovak advertising. [Linhvalni osoblyvosti suchasnoi slovatskoi reklamy] (Doctoral thesis). In-t movoznav. im. O. O. Potebni NAN Ukrainy, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Chernyavskaya, V. (2020). Misplaced in Contexts, Lost in Meaning. Context Change as a Cause for Social Misunderstandings: The Case of Kaliningrad and Königsberg. Journal of Slavic Studies [Zeitschrift für Slavistik], 65(4), 569–584.
Cherubim, D. (1986). German language in the present: problem, task and touchstone for German studies [Deutsche Sprache in der Gegenwart: Problem, Aufgabe und Prüfstein für die Germanistik]. Journal of German Linguistics [Zeitschrift für Germanistische Linguistik], 14(2), 147-160.
Council of Europe (2001). Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, teaching, assessment. Recovered from https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwi5lIH458z1AhUt-yoKHcWnCvAQFnoECAYQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2 Frm.coe. int%2F16802fc1bf&usg=AOvVaw1EHbZpULqIXFHGC2jNDyyV
Deppermann, A., & Cindark, I. (2018). Instruction and understanding under fragile interaction conditions: Conversational analyzes of vocational qualification measures for refugees [Instruktion und Verständigung unter fragilen Interaktionsbedingungen: Gesprächsanalytische Untersuchungen zu beruflichen Qualifizierungsmaßnahmen für Flüchtlinge]. German language [Deutsche Sprache], 46(3), 245–288.
Deppermann, A., & De Stefani, E. (2019). Defining in talk-in-interaction: Recipient-design through negative definitional components. Journal of Pragmatics, 140, 140–155.
Deppermann, A., Helmer, H. (2013). On the grammar of understanding in the dialogue: Displaying inferences and drawing consequences of action with also and dann [Zur Grammatik des Verstehens im Gespräch: Inferenzen anzeigen und Handlungskonsequenzen ziehen mit also und dann]. Journal of Linguistics [Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft], 32 (1), 1–39. Recovered from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277981284_Zur_Grammatik_des_Verstehens_
im_Gesprach_Inferenzen_anzeigen_und_Handlungskonsequenzen_ziehen_mit_also_und_
dann/link/560e5eed08ae6b29b4986700/download
Deutsche Welle (2021). Official website. Recovered from https://www.dw.com/de/themen/s-9077
Dubtsova, O. V. (2014). Lingua-cognitive nature of communicative failures: linguistic and methodological aspects (on the material of American cinema discourse) [Linhvokohnityvna pryroda komunikatyvnykh nevdach (na materiali amerykanskoho kinodyskursu)]. (Doctoral thesis). Kharkiv. nats. universytet im. V. N. Karazina, Kharkiv [in Ukrainian].
DUDEN (2021). German universal dictionary [Deutsches Universalwörterbuch] Recovered from https://www.duden.de/
Dyakiv, K. (2015). Linguistic and Country Studies of German-speaking countries. Lviv: LNU Publishing Center.
Dyakiv, K. (2018). Phraseologisms with color components in German as a reason for communicative deviations for Ukrainian learners of German [Phraseologismen mit Farbkomponenten im Deutschen als Grund für kommunikative Deviationen für die ukrainischen Deutschlerner]. Insights and reviews: Contributions to German phraseology and paromiology from an intra- and interlingual perspective [Einblicke und Rückblicke: Beiträge zur deutschen Phraseologie und Parömiologie aus intra- und interlingualer Sicht]. (pp. 247–258). Wrocław, Baltmannsweiler: Schneider Verlag Hohengehrten GmbH.
Dyakiv, K. (2019). Insufficient addressee design in Ukrainian and German political YouTube interviews [Mangelhafter Adressatenzuschnitt in ukrainischen und deutschen politischen youtube-interviews]. Germanoslavica, 30(2), 17-40.
Ehrhardt, C., Heringer, H. J. (2011). Pragmatics [Pragmatik]. Paderborn: Fink.
Ferenbach, M., Schüssler, I. (2017). Words to choose. Vocabulary exercises. German as a foreign language [Wörter zur Wahl. Wortschatzübungen. Deutsch als Fremdsprache]. Stuttgart: Klett.
Földes, C. (2006). Lexic and semantics in a balancing act between two languages and cultures: Findings and insights from contact linguistic field research [Lexik und Semantik in einem Spagat zwischen zwei Sprachen und Kulturen: Befunde und Erkenntnisse einer kontaktlinguistischen Feldforschung]. Journal of Dialectology and Linguistics [Zeitschrift für Dialektologie und Linguistik], 73 (2), 129–160.
Földes, C., & Furmanova, V. P. (2020). Intercultural communication in the professional training of master's students: Concept and structure of a joint educational project. Integration of Education, 24(4), 591–607.
Földi, A. (2020). “False Friends” and Some Other Phenomena Reflecting the Historical Determination of the Terminology of Hungarian Private Law. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law, 33(3), 729-747.
Goethe aktuell (2021). Official website. Recovered from https://www.goethe.de/de/uun/pub/akt.html
Gordevskij, D. V. (2000). Deviant thinking as a factor of cultural dynamics [Deviantnoe myshlenie kak faktor kul'turnoj dinamiki]. (Doctoral thesis). Khark. nac. un-t im. V. N. Karazina, Khar'kov [in Russian].
Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond Culture. Garden City: New York.
Hinnenkamp, V. (2014). Misunderstandings: Interactional structure and strategic resources. Misunderstanding in Social Life: Discourse Approaches to Problematic Talk, 57–81.
Hirschfeld, U., Siebenhaar, B. (2013). Aussprachevielfalt im Deutschen. Deutsch als Fremdsprache, 50(3), 131–140.
Kayumova, A.R., Safina, R. A., & Nefedova, L. A. (2019). Issues and trends in phraseodidactics. Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics, 10 (Special Issue), 694-701.
Koithan, U., Schmitz, H. et al. (2015a). Aspects new B2. class book [Aspekte neu B2. Kursbuch]. München: Klett-Langenscheidt GmbH.
Koithan, U., Schmitz, H. et al. (2015b). Aspects new B2. Workbook. [Aspekte neu B2. Arbeitsbuch]. München: Klett-Langenscheidt GmbH.
Koithan, U., Schmitz, H. et al. (2016a). Aspects new C1. Class book. [Aspekte neu C1. Kursbuch]. München: Klett-Langenscheidt GmbH.
Koithan, U., Schmitz, H. et al. (2016b). Aspects new C1. Workbook [Aspekte neu C1. Arbeitsbuch]. München: Klett-Langenscheidt GmbH.
DAAD (2021). LETTER. Recovered from https://www.daad.de/de/der-daad/kommunikation-publikationen/letter/
Li, J., Zhong, Zh., & Mo, L. (2020). Negative Deviation Effect in Interpersonal Communication: Why People Underestimate the Positivity of Impression They Left on Others. Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 13, 733–745. Recovered from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7500844/
Manakin, V. (2012). Language and intercultural communication [Mova i mizhkul'turna komunikatsiya]. Kyiv: Academy [Akademia] [in Ukrainian].
Milchenko, O. S. (2011). Semantic deviations in the text of laws [Semantychni deviatsii v normatyvno-pravovykh tekstakh]. (Doctoral thesis). Kyiv. nats. un-t im. T. Shevchenka, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Mustajoki, A. (2012). A speaker-oriented multidimensional approach to risks and causes of miscommunication. Language and Dialogue, 2(2), 216–243. Recovered from https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10138/337324/Speaker_oriented_Mustajoki_2012.pdf?sequence=1
Pshenychna, T. O. (2011). Speech influence on the emotions of the recipient of the interview [Movlennievyi vplyv na emotsii adresata interviu]. (Doctoral thesis). Kyiv nats. un-t im. T. Shevchenka, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Riehl, C.M., Kretzembacher, H.L., Hajek, J., & López, J.B. (2020). Strategies of addressing in the learning process of German as a foreign language [Anredestrategien im Erwerb des Deutschen als Fremdsprache ]. German as a foreign language [Deutsch als Fremdsprache], 57(3), 155-167. Recovered from https://minerva-access.unimelb.edu.au/handle/11343/248103
Rösler, D. (2012). German as a foreign language. An introduction [Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Eine Einführung]. Stuttgart: Metzler. [in German]
Rösler, D. (2013). It is better not to ask your theoretician about risks and side effects: Communicative orientation of foreign language didactics and German as a foreign language outside the German-speaking area [Zu Risiken und Nebenwirkungen fragen Sie lieber nicht Ihren Theoretiker: Kommunikative Orientierung der Fremdsprachendidaktik und Deutsch als Fremdsprache außerhalb des deutschsprachigen Raums]. Traditions and Transitions. Curricula for German Studies, 89-104. [in German]
Ruda, O. H. (2007). Communicative deviations in the conditions of Ukrainian-Russian bilingualism [Komunikatyvni deviatsii v umovakh ukrainsko-rosiiskoho bilinhvizmu]. (Doctoral thesis). In-t ukr. movy NAN Ukrainy, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Savignon, S.J., & Sysoyev, P.V. (2005). Cultures and comparisons: Strategies for learners. Foreign Language Annals, 38 (3), 357–365. Recovered from https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.2005.tb02222.x
Selivanova, E. A. (2000) Linguocultural aspect of communication noise [Lingvokul'turnyj aspekt kommunikativnogo shuma]. International Scientific Conference LINGVAPAX 8, 3, 51–55 [in Ukrainian].
Slavova, L. L. (2000). Typology of communication failure (on a material of modern English speech) [Typolohiia komunikatyvnykh nevdach (na materiali suchasnoho anhliiskoho movlennia)]. (Doctoral thesis). Kyiv State Linguistic University, Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
Stang, Ch. (2018). “The same is not the same!” Stumbling blocks of the German language [“Das Gleiche ist nicht dasselbe!” Stolpersteine der deutschen Sprache]. Ismaning: Hueber.
Strank, W. (2010). Words fail me! Systematic acquisition of vocabulary for advanced learners of German as a foreign language [Da fehlen mir die Worte. Systematischer Wortschatzerwerb für fortgeschrittene Lerner in Deutsch als Fremdsprache]. Leipzig: SCHUBERT-Verlag.
Yanovets, A. I. (2014). Psycholinguistic Features of the Discourse of the English-speaking Politician in a State of Emotional Tension [Psykholinhvistychni osoblyvosti dyskursu anhlomovnoho polityka u stani emotsiinoi napruhy]. (Doctoral thesis). Kherson. derzh. universytet, Kherson [in Ukrainian].
Published
2022-03-10
How to Cite
Dyakiv, K., Yaremko, M., & Bober, N. (2022). Communicative failures of ukrainian speakers in learning german. Amazonia Investiga, 11(50), 204-214. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2022.50.02.20
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