Combating credit fraud: experience of Ukraine and some other European Countries
Keywords:
banking sector, financial fraud, insurance, insolvency, lending, money laundering.
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of combating fraud in the field of finance, in particular, combating crimes in the field of lending. The experience of Ukrainian law enforcement agencies in combating credit fraud has been studied. The experience of some European Union countries in combating financial fraud is analyzed. To achieve the goal of the paper a set of general scientific and special methods was used, such as method of system-structural analysis, dogmatic (formal-logical), historical, general sociological, comparative-legal method and others. It is concluded in the article that the rules of criminal law of Ukraine establish more severe penalties for some crimes compared to EU countries. For example, this applies to crimes in the field of money laundering. On the other hand, some offenses that do not qualify as crimes in Ukraine are recognized as criminal offenses in the EU. For example, this applies to abuses in the field of insurance. According to the results of the study, the solution of some important issues is proposed such as improvement of the current legislation in the field of credit and financial relations, adaptation of the legislation of Ukraine to international norms and standards in the system of credit and financial relations.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Avci, S., Schipani, C. & Seyhun, H. (2018). Do independent directors curb financial fraud? The evidence and proposals for further reform. Indiana Law Journal, 93(3), 757-805.
Chernyavsky, S. (2012). Solving the problems of combating fraud with financial resources in the banking sector. Legal Journal of the National Academy of Internal Affairs, 1(3), 84-93. Retreived from http://irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?I21DBN=LINK&P21DBN=UJRN&Z21ID=&S21REF=10&S21CNR=20&S21STN=
1&S21FMT=ASP_meta&C21COM=S&2_S21P03=FILA=&2_S21STR=aymvs_2012_1%283%29__12
Chernyshov, G. (2014). Criminological characteristics of fraud in the investment and construction sector. Scientific Bulletin of the International Humanities University. Series: Jurisprudence, 10-1, 98-101.
Council of Europe. (1950). Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Retrieved from https://www.echr.coe.int/documents/convention_eng.pdf
Hazel, C. (1994). White collar crime: criminal justice and criminology. Buckingham – Philadelphia, 127 р.
Hyman, D. (2001). Health care fraud and abuse: market change, social norms and the trust reposed in the workmen. The Journal of Legal Studies, 30(2), 531–567. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/324674
Kamensky, D. (2013). Financial fraud in the United States: some issues of criminal responsibility. Law Forum, 1, 379-385.
Khamyha, Yu. (2020). Financial pyramids as a type of financial fraud: theoretical-motivational aspect. European Journal of Economics and Management, 6(3), 15-22.
Klochko, A. (2014). Crimes in the field of banking. Legal Bulletin of the Ukrainian Academy of Banking, 1, 68-71.
Knyazev S. (2011). Financial pyramid as a way of fraud in the market financial services. Law and management, 1, 204–211.
Kryshevych, O. (2010). Fraud: a comparative analysis of criminal legislation of Ukraine and international criminal law. Legal Bulletin. Air and space law, 2, 76-79.
Kurman, O. (2008). Features of information detection and verification regarding fraud with financial resources. Entrepreneurship, economy and law, 4, 123–125.
Law No. 2121-III. On Banks and Banking. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, 2000.
Law No. 2341-III. Criminal Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, April 5, 2001.
Law No. 2664-III. On financial services and state regulation of financial services markets. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, 2001.
Law No. 2908-III. On credit unions. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, 2001.
Law No. 4651-VI. Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, April 14, 2013.
Law № 10/1995. Criminal Code of Spain. Official State Gazette, Madrid, Spain, November 23, 1995.
Law № 3322, 1998. German Criminal Code.Federal Law Gazette I, Berlin, Germany, November 13, 1998
Law № 43864, 1997. Penal Code of Poland. Dziennik Ustaw, Warsaw, Poland, June 6, 1997.
Law № 60/1974. Criminal Code of Austria. Wiener Zeitung, Wien, Austria, January 23, 1974.
Law № SR/RS 311. Swiss Criminal Code. Swiss Official Gazette, Berne, Switzerland, January 1, 1942.
Marriot, L. (2019). White-collar crime: the privileging of serious financial fraud in New Zealand. Social and legal studies, 29(4), 486-506. DOI: 10.1177/0964663919883367
Mudryak, T. (2015). Regulatory and legal support of fraud investigation with financial resources. International Legal Bulletin: a collection of scientific papers of the National University of the State Tax Service of Ukraine, 1, 121-126.
Nekit, K., Kolodin D. & Fedorov, V. (2020). Personal data protection and liability for damage in the field of the Internet of Things. Juridical Tribune, 10(1), 80-93. Retrieved from http://tribunajuridica.eu/arhiva/An10v1/5.%20Nekit,%20Kolodin,%20Fedorov.pdf
Nekit, K., Ulianova, G. & Kolodin, D. (2019). Website as an object of legal protection by Ukrainian legislation. Amazonia investiga, 8(21), 222-230. https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/97
Pivovarov, V. (2003). Definition and ways of criminological study of financial crime. Law of Ukraine, 1, 107-111.
Sereda, I. & Kostyuchenko, M. (2020). Criminological indicators of credit fraud. Russian journal of criminology, 14(3), 441-452. DOI: 10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(3).441-452
Shapochka, S. (2013). Preventing fraud using computer networks. Internal Security, 2, 63-75.
Shulyak, Yu. (2013). Use of international experience to improve criminal liability for fraud. Scientific Bulletin of the National Academy of Internal Affairs, 3, 345-351.
Sutherland, E. H. (1945). Is «White Collar Crime» Crime? American Sociological Review, 10, 132–139.
Tikhonova, O. (2013). Some features of crime in financial credit sphere in today's conditions. Public law, 4, 105-113.
Van der Nat, P. & Keep, W. (2002). Marketing Fraud: An Approach for Differentiating Multilevel Marketing from Pyramid Schemes. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 21(1), 139-151.
Yermoshenko, A. (2009). Insurance fraud as a source of threats in the interaction of insurers and banks. Retrieved from https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/bitstream-download/123456789/54055/5/Yermoshenko_insurance_fraud1.pdf
Chernyavsky, S. (2012). Solving the problems of combating fraud with financial resources in the banking sector. Legal Journal of the National Academy of Internal Affairs, 1(3), 84-93. Retreived from http://irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe?I21DBN=LINK&P21DBN=UJRN&Z21ID=&S21REF=10&S21CNR=20&S21STN=
1&S21FMT=ASP_meta&C21COM=S&2_S21P03=FILA=&2_S21STR=aymvs_2012_1%283%29__12
Chernyshov, G. (2014). Criminological characteristics of fraud in the investment and construction sector. Scientific Bulletin of the International Humanities University. Series: Jurisprudence, 10-1, 98-101.
Council of Europe. (1950). Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Retrieved from https://www.echr.coe.int/documents/convention_eng.pdf
Hazel, C. (1994). White collar crime: criminal justice and criminology. Buckingham – Philadelphia, 127 р.
Hyman, D. (2001). Health care fraud and abuse: market change, social norms and the trust reposed in the workmen. The Journal of Legal Studies, 30(2), 531–567. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/324674
Kamensky, D. (2013). Financial fraud in the United States: some issues of criminal responsibility. Law Forum, 1, 379-385.
Khamyha, Yu. (2020). Financial pyramids as a type of financial fraud: theoretical-motivational aspect. European Journal of Economics and Management, 6(3), 15-22.
Klochko, A. (2014). Crimes in the field of banking. Legal Bulletin of the Ukrainian Academy of Banking, 1, 68-71.
Knyazev S. (2011). Financial pyramid as a way of fraud in the market financial services. Law and management, 1, 204–211.
Kryshevych, O. (2010). Fraud: a comparative analysis of criminal legislation of Ukraine and international criminal law. Legal Bulletin. Air and space law, 2, 76-79.
Kurman, O. (2008). Features of information detection and verification regarding fraud with financial resources. Entrepreneurship, economy and law, 4, 123–125.
Law No. 2121-III. On Banks and Banking. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, 2000.
Law No. 2341-III. Criminal Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, April 5, 2001.
Law No. 2664-III. On financial services and state regulation of financial services markets. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, 2001.
Law No. 2908-III. On credit unions. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, 2001.
Law No. 4651-VI. Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, April 14, 2013.
Law № 10/1995. Criminal Code of Spain. Official State Gazette, Madrid, Spain, November 23, 1995.
Law № 3322, 1998. German Criminal Code.Federal Law Gazette I, Berlin, Germany, November 13, 1998
Law № 43864, 1997. Penal Code of Poland. Dziennik Ustaw, Warsaw, Poland, June 6, 1997.
Law № 60/1974. Criminal Code of Austria. Wiener Zeitung, Wien, Austria, January 23, 1974.
Law № SR/RS 311. Swiss Criminal Code. Swiss Official Gazette, Berne, Switzerland, January 1, 1942.
Marriot, L. (2019). White-collar crime: the privileging of serious financial fraud in New Zealand. Social and legal studies, 29(4), 486-506. DOI: 10.1177/0964663919883367
Mudryak, T. (2015). Regulatory and legal support of fraud investigation with financial resources. International Legal Bulletin: a collection of scientific papers of the National University of the State Tax Service of Ukraine, 1, 121-126.
Nekit, K., Kolodin D. & Fedorov, V. (2020). Personal data protection and liability for damage in the field of the Internet of Things. Juridical Tribune, 10(1), 80-93. Retrieved from http://tribunajuridica.eu/arhiva/An10v1/5.%20Nekit,%20Kolodin,%20Fedorov.pdf
Nekit, K., Ulianova, G. & Kolodin, D. (2019). Website as an object of legal protection by Ukrainian legislation. Amazonia investiga, 8(21), 222-230. https://amazoniainvestiga.info/index.php/amazonia/article/view/97
Pivovarov, V. (2003). Definition and ways of criminological study of financial crime. Law of Ukraine, 1, 107-111.
Sereda, I. & Kostyuchenko, M. (2020). Criminological indicators of credit fraud. Russian journal of criminology, 14(3), 441-452. DOI: 10.17150/2500-4255.2020.14(3).441-452
Shapochka, S. (2013). Preventing fraud using computer networks. Internal Security, 2, 63-75.
Shulyak, Yu. (2013). Use of international experience to improve criminal liability for fraud. Scientific Bulletin of the National Academy of Internal Affairs, 3, 345-351.
Sutherland, E. H. (1945). Is «White Collar Crime» Crime? American Sociological Review, 10, 132–139.
Tikhonova, O. (2013). Some features of crime in financial credit sphere in today's conditions. Public law, 4, 105-113.
Van der Nat, P. & Keep, W. (2002). Marketing Fraud: An Approach for Differentiating Multilevel Marketing from Pyramid Schemes. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 21(1), 139-151.
Yermoshenko, A. (2009). Insurance fraud as a source of threats in the interaction of insurers and banks. Retrieved from https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/bitstream-download/123456789/54055/5/Yermoshenko_insurance_fraud1.pdf
Published
2021-07-30
How to Cite
Cherniei, V., Cherniavskyi, S., Dzhuzha, A., & Babanina, V. (2021). Combating credit fraud: experience of Ukraine and some other European Countries. Amazonia Investiga, 10(42), 93-102. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.42.06.9
Issue
Section
Articles
.gif)
