Legal regulation of unmanned aerial vehicles application in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine
Keywords:
unmanned aerial vehicles application, proposals for the improvement, legal regulations, surveillance of the state border of Ukraine.
Abstract
The goal of the article is to develop proposals for the improvement of the existing normative legal documents regulating UAVs application in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine.
The research methods have been selected based on the goal and tasks of the research. A complex of general scientific and special-scientific methods has been used in the process of the research. In particular, the use of comparative and formal-logical methods made it possible to investigate the evolution of legal regulation of UAVs application by the law enforcement agencies and military formations in Ukraine. The logical and legal method has been used for the development, argumentation and determination of the directions of improving the legal regulation of UAVs application in the process of the state border surveillance.
The article reveals the proposals for the improvement of the existing normative legal documents regulating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) application in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine. It is concluded that UAVs application is effective in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine, since information obtained with the help of these aerial vehicles allows to effectively and rapidly establish facts of the state border violation and detain its violators.
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References
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Heyns C., Akande D., Hill-Cawthorne L. and Chengeta T. (2016) The international law framework regulating the use of armed drones. International & Comparative Law Quarterly , 65(4), pp. 791-827 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020589316000385.
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Order № 0001763-18. Temporary procedure for the use of airspace of Ukraine № 0001763-18, of May 31, 2018. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/n0001763-18#Text.
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Order № 200. On approval of the Instruction on the use of weapons, military equipment, armament of ships (boats), aircraft and helicopters of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, special means and measures of physical influence during the protection of the state border and the exclusive (maritime) economic zone of Ukraine № 200 of October 23, 2003. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0963-03#Text.
Order № 661. On the approval of the Rules for the performance of flights by unmanned aviation complexes of the State Aviation of Ukraine. Order of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine No. 661 of December 08, 2016. Recovered from http://zakon0.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0031-17/print1518015196870711.
Order № 451 (2017) The Procedure of flights organization and servicing using unmanned aviation complexes of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. Kyiv. Administration of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. 54 p.
Rushby, R. (2017) Drones armados y el uso de fuerza letal: nuevas tecnologías y retos conocidos. Rev. CES Derecho., 8(1), 22–47.
Schaller, C. (2015) Using Force Against Terrorists ‘Outside Areas of Active Hostilities’–The Obama Approach and the Bin Laden Raid Revisited. Journal of Conflict & Security Law, 20(2), 195–227.
Vacca, A. Onishi, H. & Cucco, F. (2017) Drones: military weapons, surveillance or mapping tools for environmental monitoring? The need for legal framework is required. Transportation Research Procedia, 25. S. 51–62.
Babi, Yu. O., & Polishchuk, V. V. (2017) Classification and prospects of the development of technical means of border protection and surveillance. Collection of scientific works of Ivan Cherniakhovskyi military and strategic center of research of National University of Defenco of Ukraine. No. 3(61), pp. 105–108.
Balytskyi ,I. I., Lysyi, M. I., Babii, Yu. O., & Polishchuk, V. V. (2017) Estimating the characteristics of the violator's search by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle. Military and Technical Collection, No. 16, pp. 38–43. Recovered from http://www.irbis-nbuv.gov.ua/cgi-bin/irbis_nbuv/cgiirbis_64.exe
Balytskyi, I. I., Lysyi, M. I., & Polishchuk, V. V. (2015) Methodology for preparing and conducting field tests of unmanned aviation complexes for the state border surveillance. Collection of scientific works of the National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. Series: Military and technical sciences, No. 4, pp. 262–274.
Basu, A., & Kurlekar, A. (2015) “Leashing the Dogs of War”: Towards a Modification of the Laws of Armed Conflict for the Regulation of the US Drone Strikes in Pakistan. Journal of East Asia and International Law, 8(2), 471–472.
Convention Doc 7300. Convention on International Civil Aviation of 1944. Chicago, december 7, 1944. Recovered from http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_038/print1512989722148475.
Cuellar, H. (2010) Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) to Start Patrolling Texas-Mexico Border on Wednesday: Rep. Henry Cuellar (D-TX) News Release. Federal Information and News Dispatch, Inc. 1, Recovered from http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.usawcpubs.org/printviewfile?accountid=4444.
Decree № 971. On the Concept of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine Development for the period up to 2015: Decree of the President of Ukraine of October 30, 2008 Recovered from http://zakon0.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/546/2006.
Liga (2016). Draft Concept of the Regulations and Procedures for the Safety of Aircraft of General Purpose, Sports, Amateur Aviation and UAVs Recovered from http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/NT2369.html.
Erokhin, E. (2018) Unmanned aerial vehicles and border security. Unmanned aerial vehicles. Recovered from https://bp-la.ru/bespilotnye-letatelnye-apparaty-i-bezopasnost/.
Haddal, C. & Gertler, J. (July 2010) Homeland Security: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Border Surveillance. CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress. RS21698 July 8 2010. Recovered from https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/RS/RS21698/9.
Herrera, S.M. (2018) Videovigilancia y privacidad: Consideraciones en torno a los casos Globos y Drones. Revista chilena de derecho y tecnologia, vol. 7 N. 2, pp. 137–162.
Heyns C., Akande D., Hill-Cawthorne L. and Chengeta T. (2016) The international law framework regulating the use of armed drones. International & Comparative Law Quarterly , 65(4), pp. 791-827 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020589316000385.
Hlotov, V., Hunina, A., & Teleshchuk, Yu. (2017) Analysis of the possibilities of applying unmanned aerial vehicles for military purposes. Contemporary achievements in geodetic science and production, Issue. 140 І (33). P. 139–146.
Khirnyi, O. K. (2015) Administrative and legal regulation of unmanned aerial vehicles introduction into the operation of the units of visual observation of the operational service. Kherson State University Scientific Bulletin. Series of Law Sciences, Issue 3-2. Vol. 4, Part 2, pp. 144–150. Recovered from http://univd.edu.ua/science-issue/issue/3024.
Kuryliuk, Y., & Khalymon, S. (2020). Criminal profile of migrants’ smuggler across the State Border of Ukraine. Amazonia Investiga, 9(27), 195-208. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2020.27.03.21.
Kuzmenko, Ye. V. (2016) Problems of legal regulation of unmanned aerial vehicles application in law enforcement activities of the National Police of Ukraine. Scientific Bulletin of the National Academy of Internal Affairs. No. 4, pp. 82–89.
Lachow, I. (2017) The upside and downside of swarming drones. Bulletin of the atomic scientists, 73(2), 96–101.
Laufer, H.M. (2017) War, weapons and watchdogs: an assessment of the legality of new weapons under international human rights law. Cambridge International Law Journal, 6(1), pp. 62–74.
Law No. 3393-VI. Air Code of Ukraine the Base of Ukrainian Legislation. Official Gazette of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine, June 29, 2011. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3393-17#Text.
Law № 2747-IV. Code of Administrative Procedure of Ukraine. Official Gazette of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine, July 6, 2005. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2747-15#Text.
Law № 435-IV. The Civil Code of Ukraine. Official Gazette of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine, January 16, 2003. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/435-15#Text.
Law № 661-IV. On the State Border Guard Service. Official Gazette of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine, April 3, 2003. Recovered from http://zakon0.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/661-15/print1520064299543590.
Law № № 4651-VI. Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Official Gazette of Ukraine. Kyiv, Ukraine, May 25, 2012. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4651-17#Text
Lesko, Yu. V. (2017) Compensation for damage caused by the interaction of vehicles (author's abstract of candidate of Legal Sciences) Kharkiv National University named after VN Karazin. Kharkiv, 20 p. Recovered from http://ekhnuir.univer.kharkov.ua/bitstream/123456789/12525/2/aref-Lesko.pdf.
Maciag, M. (2014). Law Enforcement Agencies Using Drones List, Map. Recovered from http://www.governing.com/gov-data/safety-justice/UAVs-state-local-lawenforcement-agencies-license-list.html. January 16, 2014
Mazur, M., Wiśniewski, A., McMillan, J. and others. (2016) Clarity from above. PwC report on the commercial use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the world, 36 p. Recovered from https://www.pwc.kz/en/services/drones-technologies/clarity-from-above-rus.pdf.
Newcombe, T. (2014) Drones Take Off, But Regulations Remain Grounded. Recovered from http://www.governing.com/columns/tech-talk/gov-drone-regulations-grounded.html. October 27, 2014
Nugraha, R.A., Jeyakodi, D., & Mahem, T. (2016) Urgency for legal framework on drones: lessons for Indonesia, India, and Thailand. Indonesia Law Review, 2, 137–157.
Order № 0001763-18. Temporary procedure for the use of airspace of Ukraine № 0001763-18, of May 31, 2018. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/n0001763-18#Text.
Order № 1189-r. On Approval of the Strategy of the State Border Guard Service Development Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1189-r of November 23, 2015 Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1189-2015-%D1%80#Text.
Order № 200. On approval of the Instruction on the use of weapons, military equipment, armament of ships (boats), aircraft and helicopters of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine, special means and measures of physical influence during the protection of the state border and the exclusive (maritime) economic zone of Ukraine № 200 of October 23, 2003. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0963-03#Text.
Order № 661. On the approval of the Rules for the performance of flights by unmanned aviation complexes of the State Aviation of Ukraine. Order of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine No. 661 of December 08, 2016. Recovered from http://zakon0.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0031-17/print1518015196870711.
Order № 451 (2017) The Procedure of flights organization and servicing using unmanned aviation complexes of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. Kyiv. Administration of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. 54 p.
Rushby, R. (2017) Drones armados y el uso de fuerza letal: nuevas tecnologías y retos conocidos. Rev. CES Derecho., 8(1), 22–47.
Schaller, C. (2015) Using Force Against Terrorists ‘Outside Areas of Active Hostilities’–The Obama Approach and the Bin Laden Raid Revisited. Journal of Conflict & Security Law, 20(2), 195–227.
Vacca, A. Onishi, H. & Cucco, F. (2017) Drones: military weapons, surveillance or mapping tools for environmental monitoring? The need for legal framework is required. Transportation Research Procedia, 25. S. 51–62.
Published
2021-05-31
How to Cite
Khalymon, S., Hrynko, S., Zolka, V., Hrynko, R., & Volynets, N. (2021). Legal regulation of unmanned aerial vehicles application in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine. Amazonia Investiga, 10(40), 190-200. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.40.04.19
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