International cooperation in the investigation of sexual crimes against children
Keywords:
crime, punishment, sexual crimes against children, international cooperation, investigations, public relations.
Abstract
Family, childhood, motherhood, and fatherhood are protected by the state. Any violence against and exploitation of a child is punishable by law.
Parents should take care of their child's health, physical, spiritual, and moral development. However, society is increasingly facing sexual violence against minors. Insufficient response to sexual violence against minors is due to the latency of this type of crime, lack of awareness of proper prevention entities with the peculiarities of sexual violence against children, improper functioning of the mechanism of interaction, and international cooperation. Given the above, it is urgent to pay attention to the study of international cooperation in the investigation of sexual crimes against minors. The work aims to conduct a study of international cooperation in the investigation of sexual crimes against children. The subject of the research is public relations that arise, change, and end in the process of international cooperation in the investigation of sexual crimes against minors. The methodology of the study are such methods as historical-legal and comparative-legal; formal-logical; empirical; cognitive; method of analogy; and program-target. The study analyzes the specifics of cooperation between different foreign countries in the investigation of sexual crimes against children and identifies issues of such cooperation. Theoretical principles of prevention of sexual violence against minors have also been developed and scientifically substantiated criminological recommendations have been formed, which are important for further improvement of international cooperation and implementation of effective tools of such cooperation. establishing cooperation between Ukraine and foreign countries on sexual crimes against children.
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References
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Chornous, Y, Nikitina-Dudikova, H., Lepei, O., Antoniuk, A., & Fridman-Kozachenko, M. (2021). Investigation of sexual crimes against children. Cuestiones Politicas, 39(68), 666-681.
Council of Europe. (2007). Convention for the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse. Recovered from https://www.coe.int/en/web/children/lanzarote-convention
Council of Europe. (2010). Guidelines of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on child-friendly justice. Recovered from https://rm.coe.int/16804b2cf3.
Council of Europe. (2016). Council of Europe Strategy for the Rights of the Child (2016-2021). Recovered from https://www.coe.int/en/web/children/children-s-strategy.
Council of Europe. (2018). Recommendation CM / Rec (2018) 7 of the Committee of Ministers: Annex. Recovered from https://violenceagainstchildren.un.org/sites/violenceagainstchildren.un.org/files/
documents/political_declarations/recomendation_of_the_committee_of_ministers_of_the_
council_of_europe_to_member_states_on_guidelines_to_respect_protect_and_fulfil_the_
rights_of_the_child_in_the_digital_environment.pdf
Council of Europe. (2019). Protection of children from sexual exploitation and sexual violence. Recovered from https://rm.coe.int/cvavgu-jan2018-5-ua-web/16807874dc
Council of Europe. (2021a). Committee of the Parties to the Lanzarote Convention (Lanzarote Committee): official web-page. Recovered from https://www.coe.int/en/web/children/lanzarote-committee#{%2212441908%22:[]}
Council of Europe. (2021b). Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (GRETA): official web-page. Recovered from https://www.coe.int/en/web/anti-human-trafficking/greta
Deryagin, G.B. (2005). On the issue of preventing sexual violence. Forensic Library. Recovered from https://www.forens-med.ru/book.php?id=3400
ECPAT. (2021). Official web-site. Recovered from https://www.ecpat.org/.
Galay, A.O. (Ed.). (2014). International experience in preventing and combating domestic violence: a monograph. Kyiv: CST.
Humin, O.M. (2009). Features of criminological characteristics of the person in violent crimes. Legal Ukraine, 11, 102–108.
International Criminal Police Organization "Interpol". (1956). Constitution. Recovered from https://www.interpol.int/content/download/590/file/Constitution%20of%20the%20ICPO-INTERPOL-EN.pdf
International Criminal Police Organization "Interpol". (2021). International Child Sexual Exploitation database. Recovered from https://www.interpol.int/Crimes/Crimes-against-children/International-Child-Sexual-Exploitation-database.
Kharytonov, E., Kharytonova, O., Kolodin, D., & Tkalych, M. (2020). The Covid-19 Pandemic and the Rights of the Individual in Terms of Private and Public Law. Ius Humani. Law Journal, 9(2), 225-250. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31207/ih.v9i2.253
Law No. 1296-IV. On the protection of public morality. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, November 20, 2003. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1296-15#Text
Law No. 1819-VI. On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine Concerning Counteraction to the Distribution of Child Pornography. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, January 20, 2010. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1819-17#Text
Law No. 2229-VIII. On prevention and counteraction to domestic violence. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, December 7, 2017. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2229-19#Text
Law No. 2341-III. Criminal Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, April 5, 2001. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2341-14/conv#n2649
Law No. 254к/96-ВР. Constitution of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, June 28, 1996. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text.
Law No. 2866-IV. On Ensuring Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, September 8, 2005. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2866-15#Text
Law No. 2402-III. On Child Protection. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, June 16, 2001. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2402-14
Law No. 4651-VI. Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, April 13, 2012. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4651-17#Text
Melnik, M.I., & Khavronyuk, M.I. (Eds.). (2018). Scientific and practical commentary on the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Kyiv: Legal opinion. Recovered from https://dakor.kiev.ua/wp-content/uploads/naukovo-praktychnyj-komentar-kryminalnoho-kodeksu-ukrainy.pdf
Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. (2021). Status and structure of crime in Ukraine. Statistics of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. Recovered from https://mvs.gov.ua/uk/activity/statistika
Order No. 564/836/945/577. Procedure for consideration of appeals and notifications child abuse or threat of its commission established by the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, August 19, 2014. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1105-14#Text.
Order No. 650. About the statement of the Instruction on the organization of activity of district police officers. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, July 28, 2017. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z1041-17#Text
Popov, G. (2020). Sexual exploitation and sexual violence against children using electronic means of communication: urgent countermeasures. Site of the Higher School of Advocacy of NAAU. Recovered from https://www.hsa.org.ua/blog/seksualna-ekspluatatsiya-ta-seksualne-nasylstvo-stosovno-ditej-iz-vykorystannyam-elektronnyh-zasobiv-komunikatsiyi-nevidkladni-zahody-z-protydiyi/
Resolution No. 453. On approval of the State Social Program "National Action Plan for the Implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child" until 2021. Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. Recovered from https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/453-2018-%D0%BF#Text
Romantsova, S.V. (2013). Criminological characteristics of persons who commit sexual violence against children. Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University: Legal Sciences, 3, 109–112.
Schmidt, B.D. (2010). Definition of sexual abuse of children. Child abuse and neglect: visual diagnosis of injuries and poor weight gain. Recovered from http://www.myshared.ru/slide/573848/
State Statistics Service of Ukraine. (2019). Crime in Ukraine. Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Recovered from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/druk/publicat/kat_u/2019/zb/12/zb_ru1ch2019.pdf
Tatsia, V.Ya., Borisova, B.I., & Tyutyugina V.I. (2015). Criminal law of Ukraine. Kharkiv: Law.
Tkalych, M., Safonchyk, O., & Tolmachevska, Y. (2020). Private Law and human rights: New realities. DIXI, 22(2), 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16925/2357-5891.2020.02.04
Tulyakov, V.A. (2001). Violence and children. Problems of combating violent crime in Ukraine. Kharkiv: Lestvytsa Marii
United Nations. (1950). Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. Recovered from https://www.echr.coe.int/documents/convention_eng.pdf
United Nations. (1989). Convention on the Rights of the Child. Recovered from https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx
United Nations. (2011). General comment No. 13 (2011). The right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence. Recovered from https://www.refworld.org/docid/4e6da4922.html
United Nations. (2021). Committee on the Rights of the Child: official web-page. Recovered from https://www.ohchr.org/en/hrbodies/crc/pages/crcindex.aspx
Zhuravel, T.V. (2013). Socio-pedagogical work on prevention of violence against children. Social pedagogy, 1, 197–209. Recovered from https://elibrary.kubg.edu.ua/id/eprint/5125/1/T_Zhuravel_SPRPND_KSP%26SR_IL.pdf
Published
2021-05-31
How to Cite
Tsymbal, P., Vlasova, G., Nikitina-Dudikova, H., Kharchenko, N., & Soroka, I. (2021). International cooperation in the investigation of sexual crimes against children. Amazonia Investiga, 10(40), 132-141. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.40.04.14
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