The problems of reproduction of traditional culture in Russian regions in the XX century on the example of the Kirov region

Abstract

Combinatorics of industrial and post-industrial processes are manifested differently in different countries and regions of the world. Ethnographic / anthropological research reveals their focus, speed, territorial specificity. The purpose of the work is the study of life support systems, the reproduction of ethnic cultures, which is relevant today due to problems with natural resources, environmental pollution, increased stress in everyday life, a decrease in the ecology of life, immunity, etc. The methodology is based on the methods of ethnographic expeditions, ethnomonitoring in specific Russian territory (the Vyatka province in the past, the Kirov region - now). For several decades, patterns have been identified and formulas for consolidating industrial and post-industrial changes in the 20th - early 21st centuries have been presented. Results. There is a change in the types of settlements, from the location and size in the cultural landscape. The structure of the settlement was changing, new, industrial facilities — new socio-political institutions, complicated production — were “implanted” in them.  Ethnoeconomics, along with industrial elements, continued to maintain traditional, peasant household occupations, which served as an aid in crises. Cultural inversions were also observed in the use of clothing, utensils, and the food system. The mainstay of the life support system was health conservation. It included a balance of physical labor and rest, disease prevention, herbal medicine, maintaining immunity and stress prevention. The spiritual abandonment of ethnic cultures during the Soviet time has undergone a maximum of changes. Religious holidays were forbidden, part of the Orthodox and Muslim rites was reproduced secretly, ethnopedagogy was partially preserved only at home. New communication expanded in communities, names, communication style and relationships. Ethnomonitoring in such Russian regions as the Kirov region demonstrates the non-linearity of the change of the agrarian to the industrial and post-industrial era, and their parallel co-existence in crises shows cultural inversions. Such adjustments to common theories can increase efficiency in managing the economy and socio-political life of these complex territories.