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DOI: https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2024.76.04.18

How to Cite:

Tretiak, O.A., Khmelnykov, A.O., Batrymenko, O.V., Karashchuk, M., & Husieva, N. (2024). Paradigmatic dimensions of local

public management research: The path to reliable managerial decisions. Amazonia Investiga, 13(76), 228-235.

https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2024.76.04.18

Paradigmatic dimensions of local public management research: The

path to reliable managerial decisions

ПАРАДИГМАТИЧНІ ВИМІРИ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ МІСЦЕВОГО ПУБЛІЧНОГО

УПРАВЛІННЯ: ШЛЯХ ДО НАДІЙНИХ УПРАВЛІНСЬКИХ РІШЕНЬ

Received: February 15, 2024 Accepted: March 23, 2024

Written by:

Tretiak Oleksii Anatoliiovych1

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2536-0611

Khmelnykov Artem Oleksandrovych2

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9343-8161

Batrymenko Oleh Volodymyrovych3

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0211-248X

Karashchuk Мykola4

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5987-9086

Husieva Nataliia5

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6062-6406

Abstract

Explicated the need to compare the established

paradigmatic ideas in local public management and

in the political science research environment.

Particular attention is paid to the important issue of

the project relationship establishing between the

paradigmatic approach and the subject field of public

management research. Essential discrepancies

between the key paradigmatic approaches to local

public management and policy making at the local

level are revealed. Stated the necessity of essential

empirical material evaluation for further research and

possibly improvement of the regulatory framework

for local public management. Proved that the

particular author's (actors`) main reason for

conducting paradigmatic discussions on local public

management is the need to communicate with a

powerful research tradition. It is concluded that, the

success of public policies and their impact on the

lives of citizens depends on an understanding of

Анотація

Висвітлено необхідність порівняння

встановлених парадигматичних ідей у місцевому

державному управлінні та у середовищі

політичних досліджень. Особлива увага

приділяється важливому питанню встановлення

проектних відносин між парадигматичним

підходом та предметною областю досліджень у

сфері державного управління. Виявлено суттєві

розбіжності між ключовими парадигматичними

підходами до місцевого державного управління

та формування політики на місцевому рівні.

Зазначено необхідність оцінки суттєвого

емпіричного матеріалу для подальших

досліджень та можливого вдосконалення

нормативної бази для місцевого державного

управління. Доведено, що головною причиною

проведення парадигматичних дискусій щодо

місцевого державного управління конкретним

автором (акторами) є необхідність комунікації з

Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Head of Political Science, Sociology and Public administration Department of Oles Honchar

Dnipro National University, Dnipro Ukraine. WoS Researcher ID: GXM-5718-2022

Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, University of Customs and Finance of Ukraine (Dnipro, Ukraine).

WoS Researcher ID: KIA-8186-2024

Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor Head of Political Science Department of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv

(Kyiv, Ukraine). WoS Researcher ID: AAD-2891-2022

PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor at the Politology Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv,

Ukraine.

PhD in Historical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Philosophy, Sociology and Political Science, State University

of Trade and Economics, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Tretiak, O.A., Khmelnykov, A.O., Batrymenko, O.V., Karashchuk, M., Husieva, N. / Volume 13 - Issue 76: 228-235 /

April, 2024

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epistemic foundations. Established that different

paradigmatic alternatives of public decisions are

determined on the basis of scientific data. Considered

the most optimal way of applying any paradigmatic

approaches is the analysis of the expediency of

applying the methodology and forecasting the

achievement of scientific novelty or specific results

of management projects.

Keywords: paradigmatic foundations, decision-

making, local public management, local politics,

epistemic freedom.

потужною дослідницькою традицією. Зроблено

висновок, що успіх державної політики та її

вплив на життя громадян залежить від розуміння

епістемологічних основ. Встановлено, що різні

парадигматичні альтернативи державних рішень

визначаються на основі наукових даних.

Розглянуто найбільш оптимальний спосіб

застосування будь-яких парадигматичних

підходів як аналіз доцільності застосування

методології та прогнозування досягнення

наукової новизни або конкретних результатів

управлінських проектів.

Ключові слова: парадигматичні основи,

прийняття рішень, місцеве державне управління,

місцева політика, епістемологічна свобода.

Introduction

In contemporary Ukraine and all over the world

obtained the significant number of scientific

schools of public management researches. They

generally adhere to the principles of

“multiparadigmaticity”: the validity and

effectiveness of all scientific paradigms.

However, the political and public administration

sciences of Ukraine faces the task of unifying the

meaning of paradigms of local public

management research. This is necessary, firstly,

in order to finally remove the influence of unreal

(irrational, ideologically determined)

methodological and theoretical ideas. Secondly,

it is necessary to intensify research on

consolidated democracy in Ukraine and other

transitive countries and political aspects of

sustainable development. For this, it is obvious

that there is a need to compare the established

paradigmatic ideas in Ukraine and in the leading

countries of the political and public

administration interdisciplinary science

environment.

The paradigmatic approaches have a broader

meaning than the theoretical foundations of

research. It covers the author's research problem

subjective choice, his or her values and author's

world view guidelines. Also it embraces the

possibilities of research results predicting and

planning (even before it begins). An important

issue of the project is relationship establishing

between the paradigmatic approach and the

subject field of public management research. It is

also expedient to find out the key foundations of

paradigmatic approach defining for different

scientific schools.

The orientation of paradigmatic approaches of

local public management research to a certain

methodology becomes fundamentally important.

This should provide a more accurate prediction

of research results. As a result of the research, a

more standardized “algorithm” for the local

public management research work should be

established, which will probably consist of the

following: 1) author's own paradigm definition;

2) subject area clarification; 3) optimal

methodology identification; 4) selection of

adequate methods.

The purpose of the article is to identify

differences and collect key benefits in the

interpretation and application of paradigmatic

principles of local public management

researches.

Literature Review

The problem of paradigmatic prerequisites of

political management is of interest to a number

of modern authors. For instance, the study of

A. Pegan delves into strategic planning methods

for local government co-creation, drawing

evidence from Croatia and Slovenia . Through

empirical analysis, it sheds light on effective

strategies for fostering collaboration between

governments and citizens in the local context

(Pegan, 2023). E. D. Schoburgh critically

examines the concept of the «new orthodoxy» in

local governance within the Caribbean context,

questioning whether it represents a genuine

paradigm shift or merely rhetorical discourse.

She offers insights into the dynamics of local

governance and its evolution in the region

(Schoburgh, 2009). N. Baptista, H. Alves,

N. Matos synthesize existing research on the

engagement of public sector organizations in co-

creation activities with citizens. It explores the

various benefits, drivers, and barriers associated

with such collaborative endeavors, providing a

comprehensive overview of the subject (Baptista

et al., 2020). (David et al., 2023). employ the

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PRISMA methodology to analyze and synthesize

existing literature on digital technology adoption

strategies by local governments. It offers insights

into the factors influencing the adoption of digital

technologies and provides recommendations for

enhancing technological uptake in local

governance (David et al., 2023).

K. Gurdon-Nagy (2021) examines whether local

governments are drivers or followers of broader

societal transformations. She contributes to the

understanding of the relationship between local

governance and societal change within the

Hungarian context. Despite these achievements,

there is a need to consider paradigmatic

discussions within the framework of the

administrative and management components of

public management at the local level.

Methodology of the research

The process of data systematization regarding

paradigmatic dimensions in local public

management research was carried out on the

basis of a comprehensive analysis of the main

philosophical and political paradigms and the

decision-making agenda of local political

management. The systematic approach revealed

the regularity and expediency of the application

of certain paradigmatic dimensions and

prerequisites for clarifying the results of their

application both in the framework of research

and in the framework of practical managerial

activities. The paper analyzes the empirical

agenda of political decision-making in

contemporary Ukraine during the war in a

comparative context with modern sustainable

democracies. The modern management

community at the local level in the broadest sense

(leaders and performers), which carries out

certain research procedures within the

framework of strategic decision-making at the

local level, acted as the main actors, choosing the

paradigmatic dimension. The development of

projective procedures for the analysis of the

managerial paradigms of the context at the local

level was carried out on the basis of the

application of inductive and hypothetical-

deductive methods, as well as prognostic

analysis. They made possible to reveal the need

for further identification of the choice of a

paradigmatic dimension by researchers and

managers within the framework of scientific

support for decision-making.

Results and Discussion

The significance of the paradigms evaluation

among other things is revealed in the

paradigmatic foundations` of political science

research identification. It provides essential

empirical material for further research and

possibly improvement of the regulatory

framework for local public management. In

particular, the real features and essential

peculiarities of the paradigmatic choice of both

postgraduate students and their supervisors will

be revealed. This will make possible to raise

questions about “decision-making standards”

within the framework of local public

management and further improve the theoretical

and methodological basis. The question of the

fundamentals` formation of an integral political

theory (Grand Theory) also will be raised.

Collecting data on the content of the

paradigmatic dimension of local public

management research will allow to more fully

realize the topic of scientific and scientific

research. There is also an ambitious opportunity

for local public management researchers and

local governing actors to improve their

understanding of the author`s (actor’s) paradigm

choice as part of their research.

The obtained conclusions and recommendations

regarding the «algorithmization» (algorithm

providing) and/or streamlining of the theoretical

foundations and methodology of political

science/public administration research will be

used in local public management modernization.

The effectiveness of conclusions and

recommendations evaluation will be possible

after the research results publication in scientific

publications, methodological manuals and

monographic studies. The particular author's

(actors`) main reason for conducting

paradigmatic discussions on local public

management is the need to communicate with a

powerful research tradition.

The local public management research paradigm

evaluation could be planned as part of a series of

interviews with leading local public management

actors within the research prospective project.

The first step is to clarify the content of

paradigmatic approaches and their significance

for local public management. Also, in the form of

an open question, they will be asked to provide

their own definition of the paradigmatic

approach in political science research. Also a

question regarding research and criteria for

determining the optimal methodology based on a

paradigmatic approach will be included. It will

outline the preferences of scientists, who are

postgraduate students` supervisors. The result of

the expert interview will be the identification of

the most significant and used paradigmatic

approaches in political studies. An idea will also

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be formed about the possibility of transition from

the paradigmatic level to the methodological

level within the contemporary political and

public administration sciences` framework.

Epistemic foundations of public policy on local

level grounds on the provisions, which are

underlying the understanding, analysis and

formulation of political decisions in the sphere of

local public governing. It is a broad field that

encompasses various scientific disciplines, such

as political science, sociology, economics, law,

and others, which help to understand complex

social problems and ways to solve them. This is

especially evident against the background of the

ontological space in which a list of alternatives

for making local policy decisions is formed. As

appropriately noted M. Paananena,

M. Alasuutarib, K. Karilaa, and A. Siippainen,

when utilizing ontological authority, actor

presents or frames the nature of the situation as

an objective fact for, example, by using research

or statistics. The second is moral authority, which

draws on generally approved-of and morally

binding norms, such as human rights. The third

is capacity-based authority, which depends on

the perceived ability of an actor to condition the

actions of other actors (e.g. by imposing

sanctions). The fourth is charisma, which is

based on referring to the unique character of an

actor, be it a person or an organization. The four

forms of epistemic work are mutually

intertwined and can – and often do – accumulate

meaning. In other words, an actor can utilise

more than one aspect of epistemic work to

support their argument (Paananena et al., 2019).

One of the key paradigmatic foundations of

public policy is political theory, which studies

political institutions, processes, and behavior,

revealing decision-making mechanisms and

interactions between different actors in a political

system. Political economy also plays an

important role in helping to understand the

economic aspects of political decisions and their

impact on society. The materials of the debate on

the epistemic examination of local politics,

worked out M. Paananena, M. Alasuutarib,

K. Karilaa, and A. Siippainen make it possible to

assert that in discussing these shared aims and

norms, moral authority was used to argue for the

obligation to think about the ‘rights’ or ‘equality’

of the children. Even though equality and

children’s rights were shared aims among the

speakers, references to moral authority were

made only by those who opposed the restrictions.

Claims in relation to moral authorities, such as

references to the constitution and the EU, were

made when some speakers argued that savings

could not be the only criterion to influence

decision-making. Other norms, such as the rights

of children, had to be taken into account

(Paananena et al., 2019).

Sociology and psychology disciplinary

paradigms are important for analyzing society's

behavior and perceptions, and for understanding

what factors influence political decision-making.

Jurisprudence provides the basis for the

development of laws and regulations that

underlie public policy. The example of the

discussion about the organization of education at

the local level shows that interdisciplinary

epistemic (paradigmatic) synthesis is important

for the development of a consensus and mutually

acceptable decision at the local level. As finish

scholars point out, in the council debates, the first

construction considered ECEC (Early childhood

education and care) as an efficient method of

ensuring human capital development – primarily,

ECEC fulfils an educational function. ECEC is

constructed as being good for child development.

However, it is considered a public expense that

should be reduced. According to this

construction, parents utilise full-time day-care

services when they do not need to. Moreover, it

was posited that the restriction of unconditional

entitlement to full-time day-care services would

result in considerable savings while leading to

disruptive changes to the practices or lives of the

families affected (Paananena et al., 2019).

An interdisciplinary approach to the study of

public policy makes it possible to understand the

complexity of social problems and find effective

solutions to solve them. The success of public

policies and their impact on the lives of citizens

depends on an understanding of epistemic

foundations. Choosing the right political

alternatives based on epistemological analysis

involves the use of multidisciplinary (for

example, economic and legal) scientific data and

a mental strategy to understand the essence of the

problem and possible solutions. In this regard,

the interdisciplinary paradigmatic matrix allows

to choose the right solution even under the

condition of equal influence of two equal factors

of influence on the local situation. M. Ylönen,

J. Jaakkola and L. Saari truly resumed, that the

2010s showed a further extension of the

epistemic shift from lawyers to economists,

which completed the long-term transformation

from legalism to economism in the Finnish

corporate tax policy. First, the growing reliance

on economics in policy-making enabled

anchoring policy proposals on economics

literature. The normalization of this practice

contributed to a situation where the MoF’s

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leadership was able to bypass their own Tax

Department to advance a major corporate tax cut.

Second, the normalization of the use of

economics enabled designing tax policy with

future-oriented estimates that relied on

assumptions drawn from the economic theory

(Ylönen et al., 2021).

Finding optimal solutions in local public

administration is a complex and multifaceted

process that requires the analysis of various

aspects, taking into account the interests of

various parties and the ability to choose the most

effective strategies. The paradigmatic

(epistemic) compatibility of some academic

disciplines allows for the development of a

certain algorithm for evaluating events and

phenomena at the local level. Thus M. Ylönen,

J. Jaakkola and L. Saari rightly claim, that

exploiting opportunities between professional

bodies of knowledge requires instigating a shift

in one of the five factors the extent to which

politicians rely on expertise; the balance of

power between academic disciplines in evidence-

based policy-making; the disciplinary base to

which the dominant expert groups rely on; the

ways in which the epistemological, ontological

and methodological mainstream changes over

time within particular disciplines; and the extent

to which IOs are seen as epistemic versus policy-

driven authorities (Ylönen et al., 2021).

The process of paradigmatic evaluation of the

local decision-making situation begins with a

thorough analysis of the problem or situation to

be solved. This may include collecting and

analyzing data, identifying the factors that

influence the problem, and understanding its root

causes. On the example of legal and economic

paradigmatic considerations, one can see the

deployment of management processes in

important branches of the local economy.

M. Ylönen, J. Jaakkola and L. Saari have noticed,

that lawyers had not have made way to

economists in key working groups, the

introduction of theoretical economic approaches

to the forefront of tax policy reasoning would

have been extremely unlikely. Ultimately, these

mutually reinforcing shifts created a situation

where a single economics review article became

the main justification for a 4.5-percentage point

corporate tax rate cut with huge budgetary

impact. Given the heightened reliance on

economistic reasoning in policy-making, similar

path-dependencies are likely to be found in other

countries as well (Ylönen et al., 2021).

Thus before looking for appropriate solution in

local public management, it is necessary to

clearly define the goals to be achieved, as well as

the constraints that may affect the decision-

making process. After defining the problem and

goals, it is necessary to find different options for

solutions. This may include consideration of

different strategies, programs or policies that

may be used to achieve the objectives. Each

solution option needs careful evaluation,

including an analysis of their advantages,

disadvantages, costs, and possible consequences.

Evaluation methods may include cost-benefit

analysis, SWOT analysis, risk assessment, etc.

Table 1.

Tasks of paradigmatic discussions at the level of local politics

Type of a paradigm

Task

Actors

Result

Disciplinary/

interdisciplinary

Decision-making in a

specific area

Managers, leaders,

officials of local

administration

Coordination of interests

of institutional subjects or

links of local

administration

Valuable/ socio-cultural

regulation of citizens'

behavior

Experts and non-

governmental

organizations

Stability and consensus in

the community

research

search for obtaining new

information, provision of

innovations

Scientific communities at

the local level, local

business

Sustainable innovative

development of the

community

Developed on the base of Federation of Canadian Municipalities VNG International Publication Federation

Of Canadian Municipalities. (2015)

Based on the analysis of paradigmatic

(epistemic) alternatives, a decision could best

meet the set goals and constraints. After making

a public management decision, it is necessary to

implement it and monitor the results. This allows

for expert to detect any negative consequences in

time and adjust strategies if necessary. At the

global level, the influence of the epistemic

position of the actor who makes the decision, as

well as the paradigmatic environment in which

the discussion takes place, is already felt. As

argued Ch. Bueger and A.Littoz-Monnet, by

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epistemic orders, we refer to those larger

structural conditions and long-term patterns,

whether more ideational or material, that shape

knowledge production. Paying attention to

epistemic orders provides us with new

understandings of how the problems or “objects”

of global governance are constructed, delineated

and eventually governed (Bueger &

Littoz-Monnet, 2023).

Openness, public participation and balanced

consideration of different points of paradigmatic

view acquire key importance in local public

management. It is also important to have

scientifically sound data and use best practices to

achieve optimal results. A rather unexpected

circumstance for the paradigmatic choice of

decisions and actions within the framework of

local politics is the appearance of various

stakeholders of epistemic justification. In

particular, it is possible to say about powerful

business actors. According to Ch. Bueger and

A. Littoz-Monnet, public de-investments in

universities and research as well as a growing

economic valuation of scientific knowledge have

made it possible for large companies and the

philanthropies of the global commercial elite to

position themselves as knowledge producers.

Thus, a large share of research and expertise

activities are today funded by companies,

consultants, philanthropists, or their offspring

organizations (Bueger & Littoz-Monnet, 2023).

The formation of local public management

paradigmatic rationale begins with the collection

and analysis of scientific data on a problem or

situation that requires policy intervention. This

may include statistical data, research results,

expert opinions, and more. A careful analysis of

the data helps to understand the essence of the

problem and its impact on society. Different

epistemic alternatives of public decisions are

determined on the basis of scientific data. This

can be done through SWOT analysis, cost-

benefit analysis, risk assessment, and other

evaluation methods. Ch. Bueger and

A. Littoz-Monnet, focusing on epistemic

orderings, reintegrate considerations of how the

micro and the macro intersect in processes of

knowledge production, shedding light on how

micro-moves often sustain, but sometimes

disrupt larger structural conditions. Danish

authors also emphasize the necessity of

examining processes of sense-making and

knowledge-making, rather than questions of

collaboration and effectiveness. This lens makes

it possible to reflect on our understandings of

what needs to be governed, opening up the realm

of our reflections on global governance, the kinds

of problems it should be tackling, and the

objectives it is meant to be pursuing (Bueger &

Littoz-Monnet, 2023).

The expert opinions` paradigmatic grounds and

epistemic considering experience of local

governance officers and leaders in relevant fields

can be an important source of information for

determining the correct (appropriate) policy

alternatives. It is important to take into account

the specifics of the context in which the political

decision will be implemented. This means taking

into account cultural, historical, economic, and

social factors that may affect the success of an

alternative. The choice of a policy alternative

should be based on objective arguments, logic

and scientific data, not on personal beliefs or

ideology. It is important to ensure the

transparency of the process of choosing political

alternatives and take into account the opinions

and interests of the public. Carrying out an

epistemological analysis before making a

political decision helps to ensure the validity,

effectiveness and legitimacy of political actions

in response to public problems on a local level.

Table 2.

The main political and philosophical paradigms and the agenda of local political management decisions

The title of the paradigm

Epistemic focus or motivation

The field of the decision

Liberal

protection of rights and freedoms

Political stability development of

local democracy

Rational-critical

scientific justification

introduction of innovations

Postmodern

variability, unpredictability of

development

identification of risks

Communicative

argumentation, ethical justification

openness of the community

Synergistic

interaction of the system and the

external environment

strategic development of the local

community

Developed on the base of S. Lavelle (2015), J. Bryson, B. Crosby and M. Stone (2015) and M. Cawley

(2016)

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Based on the above mentioned, the purpose of the

conducting of paradigmatic choice could be

proposed as the identifying of researchers` and

managers (local leader) attitudes to the

«algorithmization» (algorithm providing) of

methodological search and paradigmatic

justification of the theoretical grounds of

research and the policy evaluation. It is necessary

to establish how contemporary local public

management researchers are aware of the

relationship between the paradigm of their

research, their author's preferences and value

guidelines. We can propose the local public

management research questionnaire, which can

include questions about the paradigmatic sources

of their academic school, the content of their

paradigmatic worldview and value principles.

The question will be especially important, how

these elements had influenced their

understanding of the methodology and

organization of local public management

research. The second block of questions will be

to find out the intentions and aspirations of local

management actors to achieve results within their

subject area and possible subjective motivations.

The third block will be a survey of local public

management researchers’ opinion regarding the

application of their proposed paradigms of

interdisciplinary science research, as well as

open questions regarding their own vision of

optimal paradigms.

Within the third phase on the basis of the

received information, a joint scientists (experts)

and practitioners` seminar-discussion could be

held with the aim of establishing conclusions and

approving or rejecting the algorithm for

identifying the optimal paradigmatic approach,

establishing the subject area of research,

applying the optimal methodology, and obtaining

new scientific results. Thereby research will both

qualitative and quantitative. On first two phases

it will be qualitative. Then the final phase has to

be quantitative since it will be necessary to

calculate the answers to the questionnaire

questions.

Sheme 1. The order of paradigmatic justification of the theoretical grounds of research and (or) the local

policy evaluation.

Based on K.Gurdon-Nagy`s paradigmatic changes in Hungary local self-governments analyses

(Gurdon-Nagy, 2021)

Conclusions

Thus, local public management is now in a

situation where it is necessary to consider

political alternatives both in the context of the

competition of political actors at the local level

and within the framework of making

management decisions. The paradigmatic bases

for determining the right direction of local

governance include ideological (doctrinal)

principles, the engagement of officials, the

penetration of scientific elements of scientific

research into governance practices, the presence

of value and behavioral determinants of the

cognitive processing of local public decisions.

The possibility of choosing the «correct» (or

appropriate) paradigmatic affiliation within the

framework of local public management research

or within the framework of applied management

activities at the local level depends on the level

of training and competence of researchers or

1) Elements that influenced

actors`understanding of the

methodology and organization

of local public management

research (and/or descision

making).

2) Intentions and aspirations of

local management actors to

achieve results within their

subject area and possible

subjective motivations.

3) Proposed paradigms of

interdisciplinary local

management research,

questions regarding actors`

vision on optimal paradigms.

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235

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managers. The most optimal way of applying any

paradigmatic approaches is the analysis of the

expediency of applying the methodology and

forecasting the achievement of scientific novelty

or specific results of management projects.

Accordingly, the possibility of making the

«correct» decision in local public management

requires broadening of views on the current

situation. This, in turn, involves working in a

multiparadigmatic mode. The legal or political

paradigm of local public management largely

depends on the initiative of actors of local

management. At the same time, the presence of

an impartial and rationally critical analysis of the

problems and resources of the local community

indicates the introduction of a scientific approach

to management on an interdisciplinary basis.

Therefore, in the context of further discussions

regarding the paradigmatic justification of local

public management and in general activities

regarding the selection of political alternatives, it

is appropriate to turn to the assessment of the

potential of artificial intelligence in the context

of adopting standard management decisions.

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