80
www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.61.01.9
How to Cite:
Zablodska, I., Rohozian, Y., Blyzniuk, V., Vartanova, O., & Derzhak, N. (2023). Monitoring of the life quality of population in
Europe and Ukraine in the war conditions. Amazonia Investiga, 12(61), 80-91. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.61.01.9
Monitoring of the life quality of population in Europe and Ukraine in
the war conditions
Моніторинг якості життя населення в Європі та в Україні в умовах війни
Received: January 15, 2023 Accepted: February 20, 2023
Written by:
Inna Zablodska33
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-6194
Yuliia Rohozian34
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5325-4213
Viktoriіa Blyzniuk35
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2265-4614
Olena Vartanova36
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8706-6437
Nataliia Derzhak37
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0121-621X
Abstract
This scientific work is dedicated to highlighting
important economic issues related to the quality
of life of the population in Europe. The results of
this work were obtained through the prism of the
research of scientific approaches to the analysis
of the quality of life, which made it possible to
analyze the indices’ values of the quality of life
of the population in the cities and countries of
Eastern Europe, as well as Ukraine today, when
it is suffering from full-scale Russian military
aggression and is fighting for its survival. The
authors highlighted three planes of the general
architecture of the concept based on social
quality of life of the population in Ukraine and
visualized the scientific concept of social quality
of life with a European orientation.
Keywords: quality of life, population,
monitoring, military actions, Ukraine, indices,
cities and countries of Europe.
33
Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Head of the Luhansk branch of the State Organization “V. Mamutov Institute of
Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Ukraine.
34
Doctor of Economic Sciences, Senior Researcher, Deputy Head of the Department of Interregional Cooperation Issues, State
Organization “V. Mamutov Institute of Economic and Legal Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Ukraine.
35
Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Socio-Economic Problems of Labor of the State Organization
“Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine”, Ukraine.
36
Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Management and Smart-Innovations, Kyiv National
University of Technology and Design, Ukraine.
37
Candidate of Economic Sciences, Docent, Associate professor of the Department of Marketing and Behavioral Economics, KROK
University of Economics and Law, Ukraine.
Zablodska, I., Rohozian, Y., Blyzniuk, V., Vartanova, O., Derzhak, N. / Volume 12 - Issue 61: 80-91 / January, 2023
Volume 12 - Issue 61
/ January 2023
81
http:// www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
Introduction
In the modern world, a person's perception of his
position in life in the context of the culture and
value systems in which he lives is the main
criterion and goal of economic development of
any country in the world. This perception is
closely related to the quality of life among
population as is an economic-philosophical
category, which constantly evolves and defines
material and spiritual comfort of people living.
However, each social and political system
provides a certain level and character of life
quality, which is impeach dependent on the state
of economy of a particular state. Therefore, there
is a direct dependence of the person or society
expectation for a good life on a territorial socio-
economic development.
Ukraine’s aspiration to Europe and accession to
the European Union is impossible without a
significant improvement in the concept of health,
comfort, and happiness experienced by the
population. At the same time, this process
depends on the social and political system, and
thus on the prospects of the state’s development.
But one can state that today in practice of
management of social and economic
development of Ukraine the level and quality of
life among population has a strategic character
because of the war that Russia has waged and the
destruction of the country.
Because of the war, every Ukrainian has a
subjective sense of himself and his life depending
on the territory of residence, and a wide range of
indicators and indices are used to obtain an
objective assessment of these processes. They are
usually grouped into three blocks: economic,
ecological and social, that is, in the context of
sustainable development. Therefore, constant
monitoring of indicators (indices) of the quality
of life of the population allows to determine the
place of each country among other countries of
the world or Europe. As for Ukraine, in these
difficult conditions, it is even more important due
to the need to restore infrastructure in the
country's destroyed cities to ensure high quality
of life for people. To eliminate the indicated
negative war consequences, it is important to
analyze the key indicators that characterize the
efficiency of all aspects of human life, the level
of satisfaction of material, spiritual and social
needs, the level of intellectual, cultural and
physical development, as well as the degree of
life security as a recovery driver of Ukrainian
territories. In this way, the purpose of this work
is to get the results of monitoring of the quality-
of-life indices of the population in the European
countries and to highlight this process in the
cities of Ukraine in the conditions of war in order
to make more informed management decisions in
the affected territories.
Theoretical Framework or Literature Review
The issues of analysis and estimation of the
quality of population life are considered in the
works of foreign scientists. Bayle et al., (2000),
Campbell, A. (1981), Charlemagne-Badal, S.J.,
Lee, J.W. et al., (2015), D'Souza, R. (2021)
investigated the general theoretical issues related
to the quality of life of the population. Instead,
the scientific and methodological principles of
assessing the standard of living of the population
found their coverage in scientific works of Liu,
B. (1976), Marsella, A.J., Levi, L. & Ekblad, S.
(1997), Matanov et al. (2013), Montfort, M.,
Tapsoba, R., Tapsoba, S. (2015), Petróczy, D.
(2021). There are also studies related to the
conceptual provisions of the quality of life of the
population through the prism of the geosystem
approach and the main provisions of the concept
of sustainable (balanced) development. Among
the authors of these works: Sollis, K., Yap, M.,
Campbell, P., Biddle, N. (2022),
Van der Boor, C.F., Amos, R., Nevitt, S. (2020)
and others.
Ukrainian scientists also have an experience in a
scientific issue about the quality of life with
reference to the development of territories during
the war in Ukraine as well as the typification of
the west regions according to the specifics of the
political component of this process. Among the
scientists of our country dealing with this issue:
Heyets, V. (2021), Zablodska, I., Sieriebriak, K.,
Balakireva, O. (2022), Rohozian Yu.,
Hrechana S., Kuzmenko O. et al., (2020),
Sitnikova, N. (2017), Shults, S., Lutskiv, O.,
Simkiv, L., & Andrusiv, U. (2021) and others.
Recognizing the significant scientific results of
these scientists, it is important to note that the
issue of monitoring and analyzing the standard of
living of the population of Ukraine under martial
law is insufficiently covered in the domestic
economic literature, and foreign developments
require adaptation to the realities of the modern
economy, taking into account its specificities. At
the same time, the existing achievements do not
correlate the quality of life in Europe and
Ukraine, which is very important for the
implementation of the Association Agreement
between the EU and our country, as well as for
the improvement of the life of the population of
the war-affected territories.
82
www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
Methodology
Methodology of this research is based on four
levels of knowledge: the general philosophical
level (set of joint views and knowledge about
phenomena connected with the concept of
quality of life); general scientific level
(understanding of common approaches,
principles, instruments, indicators, indices for
measuring the quality of life amid population)
and specific science methodology (combined
Ukrainian and European experience in the
quality of life among population in the military
conditions).
It is advisable to conduct such monitoring in the
conditions of using the data of the site Numdeo,
which contains the world's largest database of life
(Numbeo, 2022). Numdeo is a crowdsourcing
global data base on quality of life: Living
indicators, crime rates, health care quality,
transport quality, and other statistical data.
Numdeo allows you to compare information
about quality of life in cities and countries of the
world. The methods of comparative analysis,
grouping, graphic visualization etc. are also used
for this research.
In general, the methodology of assessing the
quality of population life is an important
analytical and monitoring tool of public
administration, which allows to set the strategic
development of the country for the medium term,
to develop social and economic policy
(International Association on Social Quality,
2020), taking into account its influence on the
quality of life, first of all, the most vulnerable
groups of the population; to carry out analysis of
the current level of socio-economic development
of the country; assess social progress, etc. In
addition, the work uses methods of comparison
and analysis (in the context of practical
experience of quality of life among population in
cities and countries of Europe), groups and
graphic method of information processing (in the
context of quality-of-life measurement and the
national matrix of its indicators), official
normative-legal acts, scientific-practical
researches of leading scientists and economists.
Results and Discussion
1. Scientific approaches to the analysis of the
quality of population life
The work carried out within the framework of the
Club of Rome contributed to the wide discussion
of problems of quality of life and quality of
population in relation to economic growth.
However, only in the last decades of the XX
century there was a significant turn to these
problems in economic theory. There is an
increasingly obvious limitation of the
neoclassical approach to development problems,
which is especially characterized by the
subordination of the human to economic goals
and objectives; the sharp deepening of social
contradictions and the inability to solve them on
the basis of traditional approaches of economic
theory; the rapid development of institutional
nationalism and the expansion of the scope of
institutional approach; change of the role of man
in ensuring economic growth, strengthening of
the influence of sociology on economic science.
That is why the end of 80s and the beginning of
90s were marked by the formation of concepts
and theories in which the role of man was
considered in a new way. First of all, it is the
concept of sustainable development and the
concept of human development, whose primary
idea is that a person is the goal of economic
growth, not his resource. The unifying
component of both concepts is the quality of life,
which in the first case acts as a criterion, and in
the second, as a necessary condition. The study
was initiated by UN agencies. Theoretical
constructions were supplemented by
development of uniform methodological
principles of estimation of corresponding
indicators. According to the World Bank’s
estimates, the increase in human development
costs is now a strategic line of development in
most countries. Indicators of quality of life and
human development become the criterion of
decision-making in the sphere of economic and
social policy in the activity of an increasing
number of states and intergovernmental
organizations (Sitnikova, 2017).
The quality-of-life philosophy at the beginning
of the XX century comes to the fore in strategic
planning in the most developed countries of the
world, for instance, in Canada, the United
Kingdom, Sweden, Japan, New Zealand, etc.,
because due to quality of life it is possible to
carry out an integral evaluation of management
effectiveness in conditions of transition to a post-
industrial society. The quality of life is
interpreted as a complex integral characteristic of
the ways of interaction of a person with its social
environment, which reflects the level of
realization of human rights and its social
freedom, possibilities of comprehensive
development of a person, a combination of
material, cultural and spiritual values.
However, the quality of life amid population in
the countries and cities of Europe must be
Volume 12 - Issue 61
/ January 2023
83
http:// www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
monitored and analyzed constantly and
systematically, taking into account the
consequences of the war that intensified in
Ukraine in February 2022, which underscores the
importance of conducting this research.
The quality-of-life assessment is carried out
directly with the help of indicators and indices
aimed at studying individual aspects of human
and social life, table 1.
However, in recent decades the concept of social
quality of life has become more relevant, which
consists in comprehensive research and
understanding of modern social processes with
the aim of establishing mutual understanding
between social structures and actions of citizens
and taking into account the prospects of
expanding the rights and opportunities of
citizens; strengthening the role of citizens in their
communities; promoting personal development
of citizens so that they can develop their own
requirements for social quality of living
conditions every day.
Table 1.
Quality of life Estimations Indices
Name
The entity that
performs the
calculation
Calculation
principle
Indicators
Number of
countries
covered
Human
Development
Index
United Nations
Development
Programme
(UNDP)
Geometric mean
of three indices
Life expectancy, education, gross
national income
187
Prosperity Index
Research
organization
Legatum Institute
Integrated
assessment of
parameters
Economy, business development
and opportunities level, public
administration, education, health
care, security level, personal
freedom, social capital
110
Index/rating of
cities with the
highest quality
of life
Consulting
company Mercer
Human Resource Consulting
Rating
assessments
39 criteria of assessment: political
and social environment, economic
indicators, availability of certain
restrictions, quality of health care
system, quality of education system,
availability and cost of housing,
cultural life, climate and probability
of natural disasters
215 cities
of the world
Gallup life
Quality Index
Gallup Institute
Sociological
survey of quality
of life
Health, education, material wealth,
civic activity, political freedom,
social, environmental, economic and
physical security
Changes
from year
to year
National matrix
of indicators of
the quality of
population life
in Ukraine
M.V. Ptukha
Institute for
Demography and
Social Studies
Human
Development
Index according
to the Method of
monitoring of
regional human
development
Six blocks, 33 indicators
1
(Source : Libanova et al., 2013)
In order to ensure an adequate assessment,
Ukraine uses the national matrix of indicators as adapted to state statistics as much as possible,
table 2.
84
www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
Table 2.
National indicator matrix of quality of life
Environment
Blocks
Objective evaluation
Subjective evaluation
State
Current situation
Nature environment
Ecology
Nature environment
Environmental situation
Assessment of
environmental situation
Social environment
Health
Health care system
Health of the population
Assessment of the health
care system and own health
Education
Education system
Education of the
population
Evaluation of education
system and own education
Security
The Crimean-genic
environment
The Crimean situation
Assessment of personal
safety
Culture, art, rest
Sphere of culture, art,
tourism
Activity of population in
the sphere of culture, art,
tourism
Attitude to culture, art,
tourism
Housing
Housing market
Housing conditions
Assessment of living
conditions and amenities
Transport
Transport infrastructure
Transport safety
Assessment of transport
operations
Economic environment
Economy
The state of the economy
Welfare
Assessment of financial
situation
Employment
Labor market
Employment and
working conditions
Assessment of employment
situation
Social and political environment
Civil activity
Development of civil
society
Social and political
situation
Assessment of socio-
political situation
Social environment
The state of the social
environment
Social identity
Social well-being
(Source: Libanova et al., 2013)
Libanova, E.M., Hladun, O.M., Lisohor, L.S.
they distinguish five consecutive stages of
theoretical re-thinking of social quality of life
(Libanova et al., 2013):
1. The end of 1940 is the beginning of 1960
years. During this period, as social
indicators, indicators of social accounts
systems, etc. were used.
2. 1960-th years – the period of creation of the
first complex systems of social indicators;
indices of personal satisfaction, different
spheres of life activity are developed. Social
indicators receive practical application
during the determination of social policy
goals, for evaluation of various social
programs.
3. 1970–1990-th years – this period is
characterized by setting of tasks of
development of a complex of social
indicators and formation of general
requirements to systems of social indicators.
4. 1990-ies – 2014 – is characterized by
attention to issues of social and economic
planning, improvement of welfare,
improvement of living conditions and
quality of life. The quality of life becomes
an integrated indicator of social programs,
projects evaluation, determines the living
conditions.
5. The modern stage from 2014 till now is the
concept of European quality of life.
The implementation of the basic provisions of the
scientific concept of social quality in Ukraine is
carried out through the implementation of the
Human Development Strategy till 2025, which
provides for the analysis of the dimensions of
social quality of life in Ukraine in terms of the
following: social and economic security, social
cohesion, social inclusion, social opportunities.
By Presidential Decree No. 225/2021 of June 2,
2021, the Human Development Strategy till 2025
(Decree No. 225/2021, 2021) was approved.
The aim of the Strategy implementation is to
create conditions for the comprehensive
development of the person during life, to expand
opportunities for realization of potential and
freedom of the person, its civic activity for the
sake of forming a cohesive community of
citizens capable of active creative collaboration
in harmonious, balanced and sustainable
Volume 12 - Issue 61
/ January 2023
85
http:// www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
development of the state. The achievement of
this goal is expected to improve the key
indicators of human development, such as life
expectancy, access to high-quality physical and
sports services, access to quality life-long
education, decent living standards, and
optimization of the link between economic
growth and human development, in particular by
increasing investments in quality infrastructure
renovation of key areas of human development,
Development of social sphere and equitable
distribution of economic resources (Decree No.
225/2021, 2021).
The general architecture of the concept of social
quality of population life, according to
Gubaidullina, N.K. defined in three fillers.
These are, first, processes, which are caused by
the basic factors, which have cognitive or
emotional coloring: personal security; public
recognition; social reaction; personal abilities.
Secondly, the orientations, which are determined
by the following normative factors: social justice
(equality); solidarity; equality of approaches of
social evaluation; human dignity.
Third, opportunities characterized by the
following factors: social and economic security;
social cohesion, which is manifested through
partnership and cooperation; social inclusion
(inclusion); empowerment (social opportunities)
of human beings. The latter area defines the
conditions of social-qualitative functioning of
society, which is manifested by the
interdependency of individual persons self-
realization and the level of development of social
relations: people have access to the necessary
material base and socio-economic benefits
(social and economic protection of the
population connected with employment, social
guarantees, education, health care, Personal
security, etc.); people have the opportunity to
interact with each other (empowerment that
means the ability of citizens to realize individual
potential, control their own lives and to use all
their possibilities); people have access to the
necessary social institutions, including schools,
labor market, public organizations, etc. (the
institution); people adhere to norms and maintain
social values (social cohesion and partnership)
(Gubaidullina, 2014).
Thus, the concept of social quality of the
population life is a new standard, intended for
assessment of economic (welfare), social-
cultural (realization of creative potential) and
social (public activity) aspects of human life.
Such a standard improves democratic relations at
the national level, promotes social justice and
equality in communities and society as a whole.
The scientific concept of social quality of life
with European orientation is presented on Fig. 1.
Figure 1. Dualism of features of efficient special mode of economic development after war
(Source: own processing)
The concept of social quality of life with
European orientation provides analysis of
quality-of-life indices among population in cities
and countries of Europe.
2. Analysis results of quality-of-life indices in
cities and countries of Europe
The social quality-of-life index is estimated by
the following dimensions: cost of life, purchasing
power, safety, health care, ratio of real estate
price and income, travel time, pollution level,
climatic conditions. The quality-of-life index is
an estimation of the overall quality of life by
means of an assessment formula that takes into
account the Purchasing power index (the higher
the better), Pollution index (the lower the better),
the ratio of real estate price and income (the
better), the Cost-of-living index (the lower the
better), Index security (the higher the better), the
Health care index (the higher the better), the
Travel time index (lower the better), and the
Climate Index (the higher the better) (Numbeo,
2022).
Quality-of-life
indices
Concept of social quality
of life with European
orientation
New standards of social
quality life
In the cities and countries
of Europe
86
www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
The monitoring and ranking of the world
population’s quality-of-life indices (in 2022)
proves that the best quality of life in Australia
(228,41) and the worst in Philippines (47,5)
(Numbeo, 2022).
Figure 2. Map of Ukraine and cities where the measure of quality of life was conducted.
(Source: Numbeo, 2022)
Table 3 shows the results of monitoring the
quality-of-life indices in Eastern Europe in 2022.
The best quality of life in Prague (Czech
Republic) is 161,59, the worst in Russia
(Novosibirsk) is 82,31. As for Ukraine, the Lviv
quality-of-life index is 134,53, in Kharkiv -
111,78, in Kyiv 108,80, in Odesa - 106,88 and in
the Dnipro - 99,30 (Numbeo, 2022). If you look
at the map of Ukraine (Fig. 2) and the city where
the measure of quality of life in the conditions of
war was carried out, it is obvious that in front-
line cities (in the South and East) the standard of
living will be lower.
Volume 12 - Issue 61
/ January 2023
87
http:// www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
Table 3.
Monitoring results of quality-of-life indices in cities/countries of Eastern Europe
Rank
City / Country
Quality-of-life
index
Purchasing power index
Index security
Health
care
index
Cost-of-
living
index
The ratio of real estate
price and income
Travel
time index
Pollution index
Climatic index
1
Prague, Czech Republic
161.59
75.28
75.42
74.66
48.60
19.44
32.15
33.92
80.67
2
Brno, Czech Republic
160.20
74.94
74.01
74.26
44.52
16.61
25.88
42.82
78.17
3
Timisoara, Romania
155.86
61.91
76.55
71.43
34.10
10.57
23.33
56.18
82.05
4
Bratislava, Slovakia
150.22
69.25
70.17
57,38
47.07
15.93
31.01
39.41
80.72
5
Cluj-Napoca , Romania
149.39
57.71
77.80
64,35
38.21
15.16
29.54
44.05
74.35
6
Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
145.58
43.25
71.65
76.35
46.13
14.25
27.27
31.13
45.51
7
Varna, Bulgaria
139.00
54.94
63.37
62.47
35.28
9.28
29.53
60.65
85.08
8
Lviv, Ukraine
134.53
46.32
61.65
61.74
24.96
11.43
32.10
49.12
69,61
9
Warsaw, Poland
133.35
67.34
71.75
58.15
39.94
15.04
35.38
61.30
74.61
10
Kaliningrad, Russia
131.75
42.23
68,66
55.39
44,64
13.30
32.57
48.22
73.69
11
Lasi, Romania
130.93
51.98
68.87
56.33
34.65
11.72
34.26
58.28
73.04
12
Gdansk, Poland
130.47
65.40
67.12
49.71
36.83
16.37
31.86
57.49
75.51
13
Budapest, Hungary
129.29
59,62
65.00
52.50
40.07
14.74
39.15
53.80
78,41
14
Wroclaw, Poland
127.98
61.85
67.71
51.76
38.16
13.15
34.80
64,62
78,39
15
Poznań, Poland
127.61
65.13
67.72
50.65
35.30
14.97
32.92
65.10
77.41
16
Sofia, Bulgaria
126.41
62.18
57.77
57.55
42.38
10.23
30.49
68.98
76.01
17
Krakow, Poland
124.86
68,41
70.02
53.16
38.09
15.06
31.42
73.22
73.86
18
Lodz, Poland
122.83
64.18
57.07
50.28
33.94
11.33
35,66
66.91
77.02
19
Bucharest, Romania
121.86
60.22
72.06
55.01
39.19
10.81
41.00
75.35
75.61
20
Katowice, Poland
121.11
70.88
57.35
40.67
36.78
11.20
33.17
67.32
72.49
21
Chisinau, Moldova
120.37
40.93
55.55
50.99
31.29
10.46
27.41
63.77
76.91
22
Moscow, Russia
116.48
66,62
63.11
65,96
51,59
19.19
50.44
55.72
55.83
23
Minsk, Belarus
115.14
38,47
41.56
47.63
36.82
14.90
29.93
41.99
64.37
24
Kharkiv, Ukraine
111.78
41.50
51.36
48.24
23.81
12.11
38.18
57.00
65.35
25
Kyiv, Ukraine
108.80
43.20
54,55
57.55
29.30
14.13
43.06
65.26
69.95
26
Odesa, Ukraine
106.88
34.29
47.16
50.93
25.98
14.71
36,56
62.30
79.00
27
Saint Petersburg, Russia
100.81
45.41
60.41
60.54
54.05
21.39
47.90
61.85
60,64
28
Yekaterinburg, Russia
99.78
67,48
53.75
51.12
49.35
8.74
37.93
73.49
21.33
29
Dnipro, Ukraine
99.30
38.73
47.69
53.17
25.78
11.82
33.00
80.37
69.52
30
Novosibirsk, Russia
82.31
37.33
52,73
56,62
48.88
15.10
40.00
70.55
16.14
(Source: Numbeo, 2022)
88
www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
One should pay attention to the Index security,
which is low in cities under the attack of Russia.
This index will decrease even more over time
until the war continues. In Fig. 3 the results of the
quality-of-life measurement in cities of Ukraine
are presented by complementary indices
(Purchasing power index (I1), Pollution index
(I2), the ratio of real estate price and income (I3),
Cost-of-living index (I4), Index security (I5),
Health care index (I6), Travel time index (I8).
Figure 3. The results of the quality-of-life measurement in cities of Ukraine with complementary índices.
(Source: Zablodska et al., 2022)
Of course, the war in Ukraine has affected the
quality of population life, but in Western
Ukraine, Lviv, living standards are certainly
higher than in the East, Central and South of the
country. In 2022 the quality-of-life index in Lviv
is equal to 134,53, in 2021 – 121,96, in 2020 –
119,16, that is, it is possible to say that despite
the war quality of life amid population has
increased. As for Ukraine as a whole, the results
measured the quality of life in 2022 are shown in
Table 4.
Table 4.
Quality of life measure in Ukraine in 2022
Measure
Index
Characteristic
Pollution index
62.15
High
Climatic index
70,69
High
The ratio of real estate price and income
12.23
High
Security index
53,58
Moderate
Health care index
55.33
Moderate
Travel time index
37,78
Moderate
Purchasing power index
41.47
Low
Cost-of-living index
25.02
Very low
Quality-of-life index:
114.01
Low
(Source: Numbeo, 2022)
Thus, in 2022 the quality-of-life index of the
population trusted 114,01 (low), it is 24 among
the countries of Europe, and seventh among the
countries of Eastern Europe. In 2021, Ukraine
also ranked seventh among Eastern European
countries (107, 8). In 2020, the index was 105,26,
and the place was eighth. That is, the quality of
life of the population in Ukraine has increased
every year, over the last three years, Table 5.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
І1 І2 І3 І4 І5 І6 І7 І8
Kharkiv Kyiv Odesa Dnipro Lviv
Volume 12 - Issue 61
/ January 2023
89
http:// www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
Table 5.
Dynamics of changes in the quality-of-life index in the countries of Eastern Europe
2020
2021
2022
Rank
Countries
Index
Rank
Countries
Index
Rank
Countries
Index
1
Czech
Republic
154,70
1
Czech
Republic
157,49
1
Czech
Republic
163,78
2
Slovakia
149,93
2
Slovakia
147.09
2
Slovakia
150,50
3
Belarus
133,52
3
Hungary
134,54
3
Hungary
136.22
4
Romania
131,69
4
Romania
130,86
4
Poland
132.16
5
Hungary
128,40
5
Poland
127,79
5
Romania
131.09
6
Bulgaria
127.14
6
Bulgaria
126,88
6
Bulgaria
128,96
7
Poland
125,20
7
Ukraine
107,80
7
Ukraine
114,01
8
Ukraine
105.26
8
Belarus
107,15
8
Belarus
109,60
9
Russia
101,57
9
Russia
97,91
9
Russia
103.19
(Source: own processing)
Thus, the monitoring of the quality-of-life
indices among population in Ukraine and other
European countries proved that in Ukraine the
quality of life increased every year, but because
of the war on the territories that are along the
front line – the quality of life has significantly
decreased. It is possible to assume that these facts
became one of the arguments for the beginning
of a full-scale aggression by Russia.
The results of this research were obtained within
the framework of the scientific-research work of
the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
related to the construction of priority
development areas in the context of armed
conflict: assessment of resultiveness and
efficiency. The armed conflict, which is now
being developed on the territory of Ukraine, has
forced the state authorities and local
governments to reconsider some aspects of the
development of the territories.
That is why the adoption of the Law of Ukraine
“On amendments to certain Legislative acts of
Ukraine concerning the principles of state
regional policy and the policy of renewal of
regions and territories” has recently resulted in
substantial changes, which suspended the norms
on the creation and functioning of priority
development areas. Their functioning has been
transformed into the creation types of territories
on functional grounds, which is connected with
the future processes of restoration and
reconstruction of war-affected territories of
Ukraine.
In accordance with these changes, it defines that
for planning of restoration and stimulation of
development of regions and territories, as well as
with the purpose of introduction of special
mechanisms and instruments by executive
authorities and local self-government bodies, the
following functional types of territories are
defined: territory of restoration; regional poles of
growth; territories with special conditions for
development; territory of sustainable
development.
The areas of recovery are microregions,
territorial communities where the fighting took
place and/or were temporarily occupied, and/or
whose territories were destroyed by the
destruction of critical infrastructure, social
infrastructure, housing fund facilities as a result
of the fighting, and also characterized by a sharp
deterioration of the level of socio-economic
development and significant movement of
population to other regions and/or other
countries.
The regional growth poles are microregions,
territorial communities characterized by much
better geographical, demographic, socio-
economic indicators of development compared to
other similar regions of the region, and whose
growth has a positive impact on neighbouring
territories, regions and/or in general.
Territories with special conditions for
development are theatres, microregions,
territorial communities, whose level of socio-
economic development is low or where there are
natural, demographic, international, security or
other objective restrictions on the use of the
territory's potential for development. In order to
apply differentiated development support
measures, separate functional types of territories
with special conditions for development are
defined.
Sustainable development territories are self-
sufficient micro-regions, territorial communities
with existing socio-economic potential of the
territories and are capable of balanced
development in economic, social and
environmental spheres.
90
www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
Based on these provisions, it is assumed that it
provides for territories where special economic
conditions can be introduced for the full
restoration of economy, where the indicator of
the quality of life of the population will play a
key role. The authors predict that the results of
this research will form the basis of further
scientific works, which will be devoted to
theoretical and methodological principles and
instruments of stimulation of development of
depressed territories by encouraging the activity
of economic entities in the defined settlements in
order to improve the quality of life of residents of
these territories. In order to assess the quality of
life of the population and the
resultiveness/efficiency of development of
affected areas from war, a pool of indicators,
indices and indicators (especially economic
ones) is needed, which requires further research.
Conclusions
Theoretical studies on the quality of population
life have proved that the philosophy of quality of
life is constantly developing and deepening.
There is an obvious limitation of the neoclassical
approach to human development problems due to
the sharp deepening of social contradictions and
inability to solve them on the basis of traditional
approaches of economic theory. There is a
change in the role of man in ensuring economic
growth, and the influence of sociology on
economic growth.
Many indicators and indices are used to analyse
and monitor the quality of life and human
development of the world, aimed at studying
individual aspects of human and social life. In
order to ensure an adequate assessment, Ukraine
uses the national indicator matrix as adapted to
state statistics as much as possible.
In recent decades, the concept of social quality of
life has become more relevant, which consists in
comprehensive research and understanding of
modern social processes with the aim of
establishing mutual understanding between
social structures and actions of citizens and
taking into account the prospects of expanding
the rights and opportunities of citizens;
strengthening the role of citizens in their
communities; promoting personal development
of citizens so that they can develop their own
requirements for social quality of living
conditions every day. And scientists identify five
consecutive stages of theoretical re-thinking of
social quality of life.
The implementation of the basic provisions of the
scientific concept of social quality in Ukraine is
carried out through the implementation of the
Human Development Strategy till 2025, and the
general architecture of the concept of social
quality of life is defined in three layers:
processes, orientations and opportunities. That is
why the scientific concept of social quality of life
with European orientation has been tested.
The social quality-of-life index is estimated by
many dimensions/indices as: cost of life,
purchasing power, security, health care, ratio of
real estate price and income, travel time,
pollution level, climatic conditions. The
monitoring and ranking of the world’s
population’s quality-of-life indices in 2022
proves that the best quality of life in Australia
and the worst in Philippines. The best quality of
life in Prague (Czech Republic) and the worst in
Russia (Novosibirsk).
Of course, the war in Ukraine has affected the
quality of life amid population, but in Western
Ukraine, Lviv, living standards are certainly
higher than in the East, Central and South of the
country. Thus, in 2022 the quality-of-life index
of the population is low, Ukraine has 24 place
among the countries of Europe, and seventh
place among the countries of Eastern Europe.
However, the quality of life among the
population in Ukraine has increased every year
during the last three years, but on the territories
that are along the front line – the quality of life
has significantly decreased. And the quality-of-
life index in Ukraine will decrease even more
over time, while the war will continue.
Bibliographic references
Bayle, B., Kemoun, G., Migaud, H., &
Thevenon, A. (2000). Comparison of two
modes of administration of a personalized
quality of life scale in a longitudinal study of
total hip arthroplasty. Joint Bone Spine,
67(2), 101-106.
Campbell, A. (1981). The Sense of Well_being
in America: Recent Patterns and Trends. New
York: McGraw_Hill.
Charlemagne-Badal, S.J., Lee, J.W., Butler, T.L.,
& Fraser, G.E. (2015). Conceptual Domains
Included in Wellbeing and Life Satisfaction
Instruments: A Review. Applied Research in
Quality of Life, 10(2), 305-328,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-014-9306-6
Decree No. 225/2021. On Human Development
Strategy. Decree of the President of Ukraine
dated June 2, 2021. Retrieved from
Volume 12 - Issue 61
/ January 2023
91
http:// www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307
https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/225/20
21#n2 [In Ukranian].
D'Souza, R. (2021). Quality of Life in the
Perspectives of Teachers in COVID 19
Pandemic Era: Implications for Funding
Allocation for Faculty Well-being Initiatives.
Studies of Applied Economics, 39(12), 1-11.
Retrieved from
https://ojs.ual.es/ojs/index.php/eea/article/vi
ew/6315/5671
Gubaidullina, N.K. (2014). European theory of
social quality and quality of life theory.
Bulletin of Economics, Law and Sociology,
1, 144-148. URL:
https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/evropeyskay
a-teoriya-sotsialnogo-kachestva-i-teoriya-
kachestva-zhizni [in Russian].
Heyets, V. (2021). Endogenous Social Progress
as a Source of Economic Growth. Economist,
Polish Economic Society, 1, 167-181,
https://doi.org/10.52335/dvqigjykfff6
International Association on Social Quality.
(2020). Elaboration of the Theory of Social
Quality Retrieved from
http://www.socialquality.org/theory/
Libanova, E.M., Hladun, O.M., & Lisohor, L.S.
(2013). Measuring the quality of life in
Ukraine: Analytical Report [In Ukrainian],
Retrieved from
https://www.idss.org.ua/monografii/UNDP_
QoL_2013_ukr.pdf [In Ukranian].
Liu, B. (1976). Social Quality of Life Indicators
for Small Metropolitan Areas in America.
International Journal of Social Economics,
3(3), 198-213.
https://doi.org/10.1108/eb013800
Marsella, A.J., Levi, L., & Ekblad, S. (1997). The
importance of including quality-of-life
indices in international social and economic
development activities. Applied and
Preventive Psychology, 6(2), 55-67,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-
1849(05)80011-3
Matanov, A., Giacco, D., Bogic, M.,
Ajdukovic, D., Franciskovic, T., Galeazzi, G.
M., ... & Priebe, S. (2013). Subjective quality
of life in war-affected populations. BMC
Public Health, 13(624),
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-624
Montfort, M., Tapsoba, R., & Tapsoba, S.
(2015). A Quest for Quality. Finance &
Development, 52(2). Retrieved from
https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2
015/06/mlachila.htm
Numbeo. (2022). Quality of Life Retrieved from
https://www.numbeo.com/quality-of-life/
Petróczy, D.G. (2021). An alternative quality of
life ranking on the basis of remittances.
Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 78,
101042,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2021.101042
Rohozian, Y., Hrechana, S., Kuzmenko, O.,
Derzhak, N., Kuchmenko, V., & Plietnov, M.
(2020). Sustainable development
management of local territories in the Eastern
Ukraine in conditions of military conflict:
identification criteria. European Journal of
Sustainable Development, 9(3), 425-442,
https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2020.v9n3p425
Shults, S., Lutskiv, O., Simkiv, L., &
Andrusiv, U. (2021). Analysis of the
Dynamics of Structural Processes in the
Context of Ensuring Sustainable
Development. European Journal of
Sustainable Development, 10(1), 153-167,
https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n1p15
3
Sitnikova, N.P. (2017). Approaches to quality-
of-life determination for use in the process of
strategic planning of socio-economic
development. Agroworld, 12, 49-53 [In
Ukranian].
Sollis, K., Yap, M., Campbell, P., & Biddle, N.
(2022). Conceptualisations of wellbeing and
quality of life: A systematic review of
participatory studies. World Development,
160,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106
073
Van der Boor, C.F., Amos, R., Nevitt, S.,
Dowrick , C., & White, R. (2020). Systematic
review of factors associated with quality of
life of asylum seekers and refugees in high-
income countries. Confl Health, 14(48),
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-020-00292-y
Zablodska, I.V., Sieriebriak, K.I., &
Balakireva, O.M. (2022). Concept of
theoretical re-thinking of the social quality of
life of Ukrainians. Journal of Economic
Reforms, 1(45), 71-85,
https://doi.org/10.32620/cher.2022.1.08 [In
Ukranian].