minimal displacement. Symptoms of the
clustering of Russian industry that have emerged
recently create favorable preconditions for the
dispersal of enterprises and workshops across the
territories adjacent to residential areas. This
makes it possible to radically change the schemes
of traffic flows, to close them within suburban
economic clusters in the form of localized
polycenters with autonomous administrative,
economic, cultural, educational, educational,
health-improving, recreational nuclei and objects
of employment (enterprises, workshops,
institutions, offices, offices, etc. etc.). With this
construction of the general plan of the city, it
becomes expedient to place resort and
recreational zones on the borders of the
polycenters, which will carry out their functions
simultaneously for both sides. In this case, the
polycenters can be connected by high-speed train
routes, as well as high-speed buses. According to
rough estimates, for the transport of 50 thousand
people per hour in private cars, a lane width of
175 meters is required, on buses - 35 meters, and
in a high-speed overhead train - 9 meters. In the
latter case, depending on the specific situation, it
can be a high-speed tram, a monorail car.
From the standpoint of the resource sustainability
of territorial development, such a polycentric
model of a city can be considered successful, in
which about half of the working-age population
of a polycentric microdistrict is employed within
the boundaries of the zone of residence. It is
advisable to develop options for a polycentric
city model, taking into account the labor and
other preferences of different population groups,
as well as the interests of business, using methods
of economic and mathematical modeling for
poorly structured socio-economic systems using
SWOT analysis methods (to assess the strength,
weaknesses, opportunities and threats of each
option). With the development of technology, the
improvement of communications, the city is
forced to rebuild; the polycentric model has a
resource of increased flexibility for such
restructuring.
The world practice of the formation of
megalopolises indicates that such socio-
economic agglomerations have no boundaries of
growth. A person is forced to live where there is
work, and wants to live where such work can be
chosen, as well as where life is more comfortable
and more fun. This pattern is realized in the
modern migration practice of the world and
Russia. The emergence of a competitive market
economy system in the Russian Federation has
significantly changed the motivation for the
spatial development of large cities, especially
those that are deeply rooted in market
mechanisms for motivating activities.
In recent years, along with the institutional
mechanism of urban self-organization, a three-
level system of external influence on the
development of the city and its spatial
organization has actually been built (normatively
and organizationally). First of all, this is the
regional level of government, which has
significant economic and other interests in the
capital of the region. Regional authorities
influence the city's space, its restructuring
through real estate owned by a constituent entity
of the Russian Federation, inter-budget transfers,
investments from the regional budget, as well as
various regulations (Mikheev et al., 2019).
Federal authorities and administrations influence
the functioning of the regional capital through
investments that are commensurate in volume
and often exceed investments from the regional
budget. The third factor determining the
development of a millionaire city is big business,
whose positions have been significantly
increasing in the last decade (this is very
noticeable in the example of Krasnodar, Rostov-
on-Don, the regional centers of the Volga region
- Volgograd, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara,
Saratov). The market mechanisms of the Russian
economy began to objectively “work” to increase
the efficiency of using urban areas (Druzhinin,
2008). In the construction sector, such a
resource-saving factor in the development of
large cities manifested itself in the fact that small
vacant lots or sparsely populated areas ("spots")
with dilapidated buildings in the historical part of
cities were the first to be reconstructed and built
up. As the demand for apartments grew,
developer investors began to show interest in the
“densification” of multi-storey buildings in
“dormitory” areas. In parallel with this, changes
are taking place in the placement of
communications. For example, in the city of
Krasnodar, the issue of the removal of railways
outside the city limits, the construction of
elevated transport arteries, and the inclusion of
the Kuban River flowing along the city into the
transport system is under concrete consideration.
The spatial expansion of millionaire cities is
largely facilitated not only by the real estate
market, but also by the removal of restrictions on
individual housing construction, including in the
territories of horticultural associations. All this
gave a significant impetus to the development of
the zone of "internal suburbanization", and
favored the positive dynamics of growth in the
volume of housing commissioned. The market
for contracting construction activities, the market